def __init__(self, silent_clock=False, cs_count=4):
"""Instanciate a SpiController.
silent_clock should be set to avoid clocking out SCLK when all /CS
signals are released. This clock beat is used to enforce a delay
between /CS signal activation. When weird SPI devices are used,
SCLK beating may cause trouble. In this case, silent_clock should
be set but beware that SCLK line should be fitted with a pull-down
resistor, as SCLK is high-Z during this short period of time.
cs_count is the number of /CS lines (one per device to drive on the
SPI bus)
"""
self._ftdi = Ftdi()
self._cs_bits = ((SpiController.CS_BIT << cs_count) - 1) & \
~(SpiController.CS_BIT - 1)
self._ports = [None] * cs_count
self._direction = self._cs_bits | \
SpiController.DO_BIT | \
SpiController.SCK_BIT
self._cs_high = Array('B')
if silent_clock:
# Set SCLK as input to avoid emitting clock beats
self._cs_high.extend([
Ftdi.SET_BITS_LOW, self._cs_bits,
self._direction & ~SpiController.SCK_BIT
])
# /CS to SCLK delay, use 8 clock cycles as a HW tempo
self._cs_high.extend([Ftdi.WRITE_BITS_TMS_NVE, 8 - 1, 0xff])
# Restore idle state
self._cs_high.extend(
[Ftdi.SET_BITS_LOW, self._cs_bits, self._direction])
self._immediate = Array('B', [Ftdi.SEND_IMMEDIATE])
self._frequency = 0.0
def __init__(self, interface=0, vid=None, pid=None):
"""
Constructor
:param interface: May specify either the serial number or the device
index.
:type interface: string or int
"""
if not have_pyftdi:
raise ImportError(
'The USBDevice class has been disabled due to missing requirement: pyftdi or pyusb.'
)
Device.__init__(self)
self._device = Ftdi()
self._interface = 0
self._device_number = 0
self._serial_number = None
self._vendor_id = USBDevice.DEFAULT_VENDOR_ID
if vid:
self._vendor_id = vid
self._product_id = USBDevice.DEFAULT_PRODUCT_ID
if pid:
self._product_id = pid
self._endpoint = 0
self._description = None
self.interface = interface
def __init__(self, idVendor=0x0403, idProduct=0x8530, debug = False):
Olympus.__init__(self, debug)
self.vendor = idVendor
self.product = idProduct
self.dev = Ftdi()
self._open_dev()
self.name = "Dionysus"
def __init__(self, idVendor, idProduct, interface):
#all pins are in high impedance
self.vendor = idVendor
self.product = idProduct
self.interface = interface
self.f = Ftdi()
# print "vid: %s, pid: %s" % (str(hex(idVendor)), str(hex(idProduct)))
self.f.open_bitbang(idVendor, idProduct, interface)
def __init__(self, trst=False, frequency=3.0E6):
"""
trst uses the nTRST optional JTAG line to hard-reset the TAP
controller
"""
self._ftdi = Ftdi()
self._trst = trst
self._frequency = frequency
self.direction = JtagController.TCK_BIT | \
JtagController.TDI_BIT | \
JtagController.TMS_BIT | \
(self._trst and JtagController.TRST_BIT or 0)
self._last = None # Last deferred TDO bit
self._write_buff = Array('B')
def __init__(self, interface=0, vid=None, pid=None):
"""
Constructor
:param interface: May specify either the serial number or the device
index.
:type interface: string or int
"""
if not have_pyftdi:
raise ImportError('The USBDevice class has been disabled due to missing requirement: pyftdi or pyusb.')
Device.__init__(self)
self._device = Ftdi()
self._interface = 0
self._device_number = 0
self._serial_number = None
self._vendor_id = USBDevice.DEFAULT_VENDOR_ID
if vid:
self._vendor_id = vid
self._product_id = USBDevice.DEFAULT_PRODUCT_ID
if pid:
self._product_id = pid
self._endpoint = 0
self._description = None
self.interface = interface
def __init__(self, silent_clock=False, cs_count=4):
"""Instanciate a SpiController.
silent_clock should be set to avoid clocking out SCLK when all /CS
signals are released. This clock beat is used to enforce a delay
between /CS signal activation. When weird SPI devices are used,
SCLK beating may cause trouble. In this case, silent_clock should
be set but beware that SCLK line should be fitted with a pull-down
resistor, as SCLK is high-Z during this short period of time.
cs_count is the number of /CS lines (one per device to drive on the
SPI bus)
"""
self._ftdi = Ftdi()
self._cs_bits = ((SpiController.CS_BIT << cs_count) - 1) & \
~(SpiController.CS_BIT - 1)
self._ports = [None] * cs_count
self._direction = self._cs_bits | \
SpiController.DO_BIT | \
SpiController.SCK_BIT
self._cs_high = Array('B')
if silent_clock:
# Set SCLK as input to avoid emitting clock beats
self._cs_high.extend([Ftdi.SET_BITS_LOW, self._cs_bits,
self._direction&~SpiController.SCK_BIT])
# /CS to SCLK delay, use 8 clock cycles as a HW tempo
self._cs_high.extend([Ftdi.WRITE_BITS_TMS_NVE, 8-1, 0xff])
# Restore idle state
self._cs_high.extend([Ftdi.SET_BITS_LOW, self._cs_bits,
self._direction])
self._immediate = Array('B', [Ftdi.SEND_IMMEDIATE])
self._frequency = 0.0
def find_all(cls, vid=None, pid=None):
"""
Returns all FTDI devices matching our vendor and product IDs.
:returns: list of devices
:raises: :py:class:`~alarmdecoder.util.CommError`
"""
if not have_pyftdi:
raise ImportError(
'The USBDevice class has been disabled due to missing requirement: pyftdi or pyusb.'
)
cls.__devices = []
query = cls.PRODUCT_IDS
if vid and pid:
query = [(vid, pid)]
try:
cls.__devices = Ftdi.find_all(query, nocache=True)
except (usb.core.USBError, FtdiError) as err:
raise CommError(
'Error enumerating AD2USB devices: {0}'.format(str(err)), err)
return cls.__devices
def __init__(self, idVendor, idProduct, interface):
#all pins are in high impedance
self.vendor = idVendor
self.product = idProduct
self.interface = interface
self.f = Ftdi()
# print "vid: %s, pid: %s" % (str(hex(idVendor)), str(hex(idProduct)))
self.f.open_bitbang(idVendor, idProduct, interface)
def __init__(self, silent_clock=False, cs_count=4):
self._ftdi = Ftdi()
self._cs_bits = ((SpiController.CS_BIT << cs_count) - 1) & \
~(SpiController.CS_BIT - 1)
self._ports = [None] * cs_count
self._direction = self._cs_bits | \
SpiController.DO_BIT | \
SpiController.SCK_BIT
self._cs_high = Array('B')
if silent_clock:
# Set SCLK as input to avoid emitting clock beats
self._cs_high.extend([Ftdi.SET_BITS_LOW, self._cs_bits,
self._direction & ~SpiController.SCK_BIT])
# /CS to SCLK delay, use 8 clock cycles as a HW tempo
self._cs_high.extend([Ftdi.WRITE_BITS_TMS_NVE, 8-1, 0xff])
# Restore idle state
self._cs_high.extend([Ftdi.SET_BITS_LOW, self._cs_bits,
self._direction])
self._immediate = Array('B', [Ftdi.SEND_IMMEDIATE])
self._frequency = 0.0
def __init__(self, trst=False, frequency=3.0E6):
"""
trst uses the nTRST optional JTAG line to hard-reset the TAP
controller
"""
self._ftdi = Ftdi()
self._trst = trst
self._frequency = frequency
self.direction = JtagController.TCK_BIT | \
JtagController.TDI_BIT | \
JtagController.TMS_BIT | \
(self._trst and JtagController.TRST_BIT or 0)
self._last = None # Last deferred TDO bit
self._write_buff = Array('B')
def find_all(cls, vid=None, pid=None):
"""
Returns all FTDI devices matching our vendor and product IDs.
:returns: list of devices
:raises: :py:class:`~alarmdecoder.util.CommError`
"""
if not have_pyftdi:
raise ImportError('The USBDevice class has been disabled due to missing requirement: pyftdi or pyusb.')
cls.__devices = []
query = cls.PRODUCT_IDS
if vid and pid:
query = [(vid, pid)]
try:
cls.__devices = Ftdi.find_all(query, nocache=True)
except (usb.core.USBError, FtdiError) as err:
raise CommError('Error enumerating AD2USB devices: {0}'.format(str(err)), err)
return cls.__devices
class USBDevice(Device):
"""
`AD2USB`_ device utilizing PyFTDI's interface.
"""
# Constants
PRODUCT_IDS = ((0x0403, 0x6001), (0x0403, 0x6015))
"""List of Vendor and Product IDs used to recognize `AD2USB`_ devices."""
DEFAULT_VENDOR_ID = PRODUCT_IDS[0][0]
"""Default Vendor ID used to recognize `AD2USB`_ devices."""
DEFAULT_PRODUCT_ID = PRODUCT_IDS[0][1]
"""Default Product ID used to recognize `AD2USB`_ devices."""
# Deprecated constants
FTDI_VENDOR_ID = DEFAULT_VENDOR_ID
"""DEPRECATED: Vendor ID used to recognize `AD2USB`_ devices."""
FTDI_PRODUCT_ID = DEFAULT_PRODUCT_ID
"""DEPRECATED: Product ID used to recognize `AD2USB`_ devices."""
BAUDRATE = 115200
"""Default baudrate for `AD2USB`_ devices."""
__devices = []
__detect_thread = None
@classmethod
def find_all(cls, vid=None, pid=None):
"""
Returns all FTDI devices matching our vendor and product IDs.
:returns: list of devices
:raises: :py:class:`~alarmdecoder.util.CommError`
"""
if not have_pyftdi:
raise ImportError(
'The USBDevice class has been disabled due to missing requirement: pyftdi or pyusb.'
)
cls.__devices = []
query = cls.PRODUCT_IDS
if vid and pid:
query = [(vid, pid)]
try:
cls.__devices = Ftdi.find_all(query, nocache=True)
except (usb.core.USBError, FtdiError) as err:
raise CommError(
'Error enumerating AD2USB devices: {0}'.format(str(err)), err)
return cls.__devices
@classmethod
def devices(cls):
"""
Returns a cached list of `AD2USB`_ devices located on the system.
:returns: cached list of devices found
"""
return cls.__devices
@classmethod
def find(cls, device=None):
"""
Factory method that returns the requested :py:class:`USBDevice` device, or the
first device.
:param device: Tuple describing the USB device to open, as returned
by find_all().
:type device: tuple
:returns: :py:class:`USBDevice` object utilizing the specified device
:raises: :py:class:`~alarmdecoder.util.NoDeviceError`
"""
if not have_pyftdi:
raise ImportError(
'The USBDevice class has been disabled due to missing requirement: pyftdi or pyusb.'
)
cls.find_all()
if len(cls.__devices) == 0:
raise NoDeviceError('No AD2USB devices present.')
if device is None:
device = cls.__devices[0]
vendor, product, sernum, ifcount, description = device
return USBDevice(interface=sernum, vid=vendor, pid=product)
@classmethod
def start_detection(cls, on_attached=None, on_detached=None):
"""
Starts the device detection thread.
:param on_attached: function to be called when a device is attached **Callback definition:** *def callback(thread, device)*
:type on_attached: function
:param on_detached: function to be called when a device is detached **Callback definition:** *def callback(thread, device)*
:type on_detached: function
"""
if not have_pyftdi:
raise ImportError(
'The USBDevice class has been disabled due to missing requirement: pyftdi or pyusb.'
)
cls.__detect_thread = USBDevice.DetectThread(on_attached, on_detached)
try:
cls.find_all()
except CommError:
pass
cls.__detect_thread.start()
@classmethod
def stop_detection(cls):
"""
Stops the device detection thread.
"""
if not have_pyftdi:
raise ImportError(
'The USBDevice class has been disabled due to missing requirement: pyftdi or pyusb.'
)
try:
cls.__detect_thread.stop()
except Exception:
pass
@property
def interface(self):
"""
Retrieves the interface used to connect to the device.
:returns: the interface used to connect to the device
"""
return self._interface
@interface.setter
def interface(self, value):
"""
Sets the interface used to connect to the device.
:param value: may specify either the serial number or the device index
:type value: string or int
"""
self._interface = value
if isinstance(value, int):
self._device_number = value
else:
self._serial_number = value
@property
def serial_number(self):
"""
Retrieves the serial number of the device.
:returns: serial number of the device
"""
return self._serial_number
@serial_number.setter
def serial_number(self, value):
"""
Sets the serial number of the device.
:param value: serial number of the device
:type value: string
"""
self._serial_number = value
@property
def description(self):
"""
Retrieves the description of the device.
:returns: description of the device
"""
return self._description
@description.setter
def description(self, value):
"""
Sets the description of the device.
:param value: description of the device
:type value: string
"""
self._description = value
def __init__(self, interface=0, vid=None, pid=None):
"""
Constructor
:param interface: May specify either the serial number or the device
index.
:type interface: string or int
"""
if not have_pyftdi:
raise ImportError(
'The USBDevice class has been disabled due to missing requirement: pyftdi or pyusb.'
)
Device.__init__(self)
self._device = Ftdi()
self._interface = 0
self._device_number = 0
self._serial_number = None
self._vendor_id = USBDevice.DEFAULT_VENDOR_ID
if vid:
self._vendor_id = vid
self._product_id = USBDevice.DEFAULT_PRODUCT_ID
if pid:
self._product_id = pid
self._endpoint = 0
self._description = None
self.interface = interface
def open(self, baudrate=BAUDRATE, no_reader_thread=False):
"""
Opens the device.
:param baudrate: baudrate to use
:type baudrate: int
:param no_reader_thread: whether or not to automatically start the
reader thread.
:type no_reader_thread: bool
:raises: :py:class:`~alarmdecoder.util.NoDeviceError`
"""
# Set up defaults
if baudrate is None:
baudrate = USBDevice.BAUDRATE
self._read_thread = Device.ReadThread(self)
# Open the device and start up the thread.
try:
self._device.open(self._vendor_id, self._product_id,
self._endpoint, self._device_number,
self._serial_number, self._description)
self._device.set_baudrate(baudrate)
if not self._serial_number:
self._serial_number = self._get_serial_number()
self._id = self._serial_number
except (usb.core.USBError, FtdiError) as err:
raise NoDeviceError('Error opening device: {0}'.format(str(err)),
err)
except KeyError as err:
raise NoDeviceError(
'Unsupported device. ({0:04x}:{1:04x}) You probably need a newer version of pyftdi.'
.format(err[0][0], err[0][1]))
else:
self._running = True
self.on_open()
if not no_reader_thread:
self._read_thread.start()
return self
def close(self):
"""
Closes the device.
"""
try:
Device.close(self)
# HACK: Probably should fork pyftdi and make this call in .close()
self._device.usb_dev.attach_kernel_driver(self._device_number)
except Exception:
pass
def fileno(self):
"""
File number not supported for USB devices.
:raises: NotImplementedError
"""
raise NotImplementedError('USB devices do not support fileno()')
def write(self, data):
"""
Writes data to the device.
:param data: data to write
:type data: string
:raises: :py:class:`~alarmdecoder.util.CommError`
"""
try:
self._device.write_data(data)
self.on_write(data=data)
except FtdiError as err:
raise CommError('Error writing to device: {0}'.format(str(err)),
err)
def read(self):
"""
Reads a single character from the device.
:returns: character read from the device
:raises: :py:class:`~alarmdecoder.util.CommError`
"""
ret = None
try:
ret = self._device.read_data(1)
except (usb.core.USBError, FtdiError) as err:
raise CommError('Error reading from device: {0}'.format(str(err)),
err)
return ret
def read_line(self, timeout=0.0, purge_buffer=False):
"""
Reads a line from the device.
:param timeout: read timeout
:type timeout: float
:param purge_buffer: Indicates whether to purge the buffer prior to
reading.
:type purge_buffer: bool
:returns: line that was read
:raises: :py:class:`~alarmdecoder.util.CommError`, :py:class:`~alarmdecoder.util.TimeoutError`
"""
def timeout_event():
"""Handles read timeout event"""
timeout_event.reading = False
timeout_event.reading = True
if purge_buffer:
self._buffer = b''
got_line, ret = False, None
timer = threading.Timer(timeout, timeout_event)
if timeout > 0:
timer.start()
try:
while timeout_event.reading:
buf = self._device.read_data(1)
if buf != b'':
ub = bytes_hack(buf)
self._buffer += ub
if ub == b"\n":
self._buffer = self._buffer.rstrip(b"\r\n")
if len(self._buffer) > 0:
got_line = True
break
else:
time.sleep(0.01)
except (usb.core.USBError, FtdiError) as err:
raise CommError('Error reading from device: {0}'.format(str(err)),
err)
else:
if got_line:
ret, self._buffer = self._buffer, b''
self.on_read(data=ret)
else:
raise TimeoutError(
'Timeout while waiting for line terminator.')
finally:
timer.cancel()
return ret
def purge(self):
"""
Purges read/write buffers.
"""
self._device.purge_buffers()
def _get_serial_number(self):
"""
Retrieves the FTDI device serial number.
:returns: string containing the device serial number
"""
return usb.util.get_string(self._device.usb_dev, 64,
self._device.usb_dev.iSerialNumber)
class DetectThread(threading.Thread):
"""
Thread that handles detection of added/removed devices.
"""
on_attached = event.Event(
"This event is called when an `AD2USB`_ device has been detected.\n\n**Callback definition:** def callback(thread, device*"
)
on_detached = event.Event(
"This event is called when an `AD2USB`_ device has been removed.\n\n**Callback definition:** def callback(thread, device*"
)
def __init__(self, on_attached=None, on_detached=None):
"""
Constructor
:param on_attached: Function to call when a device is attached **Callback definition:** *def callback(thread, device)*
:type on_attached: function
:param on_detached: Function to call when a device is detached **Callback definition:** *def callback(thread, device)*
:type on_detached: function
"""
threading.Thread.__init__(self)
if on_attached:
self.on_attached += on_attached
if on_detached:
self.on_detached += on_detached
self._running = False
def stop(self):
"""
Stops the thread.
"""
self._running = False
def run(self):
"""
The actual detection process.
"""
self._running = True
last_devices = set()
while self._running:
try:
current_devices = set(USBDevice.find_all())
for dev in current_devices.difference(last_devices):
self.on_attached(device=dev)
for dev in last_devices.difference(current_devices):
self.on_detached(device=dev)
last_devices = current_devices
except CommError:
pass
time.sleep(0.25)
def __init__(self, idVendor, idProduct):
self.vendor = idVendor
self.product = idProduct
self.f = Ftdi()
def test_multiple_interface(self):
# the following calls used to create issues (several interfaces from
# the same device)
ftdi1 = Ftdi()
ftdi1.open(interface=1)
ftdi2 = Ftdi()
ftdi2.open(interface=2)
import time
for x in range(5):
print "If#1: ", hex(ftdi1.poll_modem_status())
print "If#2: ", ftdi2.modem_status()
time.sleep(0.500)
ftdi1.close()
ftdi2.close()
def burn(firmware_file):
global f
f = Ftdi()
try:
f.open_mpsse(0x0403,
0x6010,
description="HiSPARC III Master",
interface=1,
initial=1,
direction=0b11)
except (FtdiError, usb.USBError):
print "RESET"
usb.util.dispose_resources(f.usb_dev)
f.open_mpsse(0x0403,
0x6010,
description="HiSPARC III Master",
interface=1,
initial=1,
direction=0b11)
f.write_data([Ftdi.TCK_DIVISOR, 0, 0])
f.write_data([Ftdi.DISABLE_CLK_DIV5])
print_low_bits(f)
print_high_bits(f)
f.write_data([Ftdi.SET_BITS_HIGH, 0, 1])
print_high_bits(f)
f.write_data([Ftdi.SET_BITS_HIGH, 1, 1])
print_high_bits(f)
BUFSIZE = 64 * 1024
with open(os.path.expanduser(firmware_file), 'rb') as file:
while True:
xbuf = file.read(BUFSIZE)
if not xbuf:
break
LENGTH = len(xbuf) - 1
LENGTH_L = LENGTH & 0xff
LENGTH_H = LENGTH >> 8 & 0xff
send_buf = [Ftdi.WRITE_BYTES_PVE_LSB
] + [LENGTH_L, LENGTH_H] + [ord(u) for u in xbuf]
f.write_data(send_buf)
#for i in range(10):
# print_high_bits(f)
# f.write_data([0x8e, 0])
print_high_bits(f)
print_low_bits(f)
def __init__(self, idVendor, idProduct): self.vendor = idVendor self.product = idProduct self.f = Ftdi()
class FifoController(object):
SYNC_FIFO_INTERFACE = 1
SYNC_FIFO_INDEX = 0
def __init__(self, idVendor, idProduct):
self.vendor = idVendor
self.product = idProduct
self.f = Ftdi()
def set_sync_fifo(self, frequency=30.0E6, latency=2):
"""Configure the interface for synchronous FIFO mode"""
# Open an FTDI interface
# self.f.open(self.vendor, self.product, self.SYNC_FIFO_INTERFACE, self.SYNC_FIFO_INDEX, None, None)
self.f.open(self.vendor, self.product, 0)
# Drain input buffer
self.f.purge_buffers()
# Reset
# Enable MPSSE mode
self.f.set_bitmode(0x00, Ftdi.BITMODE_SYNCFF)
# Configure clock
frequency = self.f._set_frequency(frequency)
# Set latency timer
self.f.set_latency_timer(latency)
# Set chunk size
self.f.write_data_set_chunksize(0x10000)
self.f.read_data_set_chunksize(0x10000)
self.f.set_flowctrl('hw')
# Configure I/O
# self.write_data(Array('B', [Ftdi.SET_BITS_LOW, 0x00, 0x00]))
# Disable loopback
# self.write_data(Array('B', [Ftdi.LOOPBACK_END]))
# self.validate_mpsse()
# Drain input buffer
self.f.purge_buffers()
# Return the actual frequency
return frequency
def set_async_fifo(self, frequency=6.0E6, latency=2):
"""Configure the interface for synchronous FIFO mode"""
# Open an FTDI interface
self.f.open(self.vendor, self.product, self.SYNC_FIFO_INTERFACE,
self.SYNC_FIFO_INDEX, None, None)
# Set latency timer
self.f.set_latency_timer(latency)
# Set chunk size
self.f.write_data_set_chunksize(512)
self.f.read_data_set_chunksize(512)
# Drain input buffer
self.f.purge_buffers()
# Enable MPSSE mode
self.f.set_bitmode(0x00, Ftdi.BITMODE_BITBANG)
# Configure clock
frequency = self.f._set_frequency(frequency)
# Configure I/O
# self.write_data(Array('B', [Ftdi.SET_BITS_LOW, 0x00, 0x00]))
# Disable loopback
# self.write_data(Array('B', [Ftdi.LOOPBACK_END]))
# self.validate_mpsse()
# Drain input buffer
self.f.purge_buffers()
# Return the actual frequency
return frequency
class BitBangController(object):
PROGRAM_PIN = 0x20
SOFT_RESET_PIN = 0x40
def __init__(self, idVendor, idProduct, interface):
#all pins are in high impedance
self.vendor = idVendor
self.product = idProduct
self.interface = interface
self.f = Ftdi()
# print "vid: %s, pid: %s" % (str(hex(idVendor)), str(hex(idProduct)))
self.f.open_bitbang(idVendor, idProduct, interface)
def hiz(self):
print "changing pins to high impedance"
def is_in_bitbang(self):
return self.f.bitbang_enabled
def read_pins(self):
return self.f.read_pins()
def read_program_pin(self):
return (self.PROGRAM_PIN & self.f.read_pins() > 0)
def soft_reset_high(self):
pins = self.f.read_pins()
pins |= self.SOFT_RESET_PIN
prog_cmd = Array('B', [0x01, pins])
self.f.write_data(prog_cmd)
def soft_reset_low(self):
pins = self.f.read_pins()
pins &= ~(self.SOFT_RESET_PIN)
prog_cmd = Array('B', [0x00, pins])
self.f.write_data(prog_cmd)
def program_high(self):
pins = self.f.read_pins()
pins |= self.PROGRAM_PIN
prog_cmd = Array('B', [0x01, pins])
self.f.write_data(prog_cmd)
def program_low(self):
pins = self.f.read_pins()
pins &= ~(self.PROGRAM_PIN)
prog_cmd = Array('B', [0x00, pins])
self.f.write_data(prog_cmd)
def read_soft_reset_pin(self):
return (self.SOFT_RESET_PIN & self.f.read_pins() > 0)
def set_soft_reset_to_output(self):
pin_dir = self.SOFT_RESET_PIN
self.f.open_bitbang(self.vendor,
self.product,
self.interface,
direction=pin_dir)
def set_program_to_output(self):
pin_dir = self.PROGRAM_PIN
self.f.open_bitbang(self.vendor,
self.product,
self.interface,
direction=pin_dir)
def set_pins_to_input(self):
self.f.open_bitbang(self.vendor,
self.product,
self.interface,
direction=0x00)
def set_pins_to_output(self):
self.f.open_bitbang(self.vendor,
self.product,
self.interface,
direction=0xFF)
def pins_on(self):
prog_cmd = Array('B', [0x01, 0xFF])
self.f.write_data(prog_cmd)
def pins_off(self):
prog_cmd = Array('B', [0x01, 0x00])
self.f.write_data(prog_cmd)
class Tunnel_DAC(Instrument):
def __init__(self, name, serial = None, channel = 'A0', numdacs=3, delay = 1e-3):
'''
discover and initialize Tunnel_DAC hardware
Input:
serial - serial number of the FTDI converter
channel - 2 character channel id the DAC is connected to;
the first byte identifies the channel (A..D for current devices)
the second byte identifies the bit within that channel (0..7)
numdacs - number of DACs daisy-chained on that line
delay - communications delay assumed between PC and the USB converter
'''
logging.info(__name__+ ': Initializing instrument Tunnel_DAC')
Instrument.__init__(self, name, tags=['physical'])
self._conn = Ftdi()
# VIDs and PIDs of converters used
vps = [
(0x0403, 0x6011), # FTDI UM4232H 4ch
(0x0403, 0x6014) # FTDI UM232H 1ch
]
# explicitly clear device cache of UsbTools
#UsbTools.USBDEVICES = []
# find all devices and obtain serial numbers
devs = self._conn.find_all(vps)
# filter list by serial number if provided
if(serial != None):
devs = [dev for dev in devs if dev[2] == serial]
if(len(devs) == 0):
logging.error(__name__ + ': failed to find matching FTDI devices.')
elif(len(devs) > 1):
logging.error(__name__ + ': more than one converter found and no serial number given.')
logging.info(__name__ + ': available devices are: %s.'%str([dev[2] for dev in devs]))
vid, pid, self._serial, channels, description = devs[0]
# parse channel string
if(len(channel) != 2):
logging.error(__name__ + ': channel identifier must be a string of length 2. ex. A0, D5.')
self._channel = 1 + ord(channel[0]) - ord('A')
self._bit = ord(channel[1]) - ord('0')
if((self._channel < 1) or (self._channel > channels)):
logging.error(__name__ + ': channel %c is not supported by this device.'%(chr(ord('A')+self._channel-1)))
if((self._bit < 0) or (self._bit > 7)):
logging.error(__name__ + ': subchannel must be between 0 and 7, not %d.'%self._bit)
# open device
self._conn.open(vid, pid, interface = self._channel, serial = self._serial)
logging.info(__name__ + ': using converter with serial #%s'%self._serial)
self._conn.set_bitmode(0xFF, Ftdi.BITMODE_BITBANG)
# 80k generates bit durations of 12.5us, 80 is magic :(
# magic?: 4 from incorrect BITBANG handling of pyftdi, 2.5 from 120MHz instead of 48MHz clock of H devices
# original matlab code uses 19kS/s
self._conn.set_baudrate(19000/80)
# house keeping
self._numdacs = numdacs
self._sleeptime = (10. + 16.*self._numdacs)*12.5e-6 + delay # 1st term from hardware parameters, 2nd term from USB
self._minval = -5000.
self._maxval = 5000.
self._resolution = 16 # DAC resolution in bits
self._voltages = [0.]*numdacs
self.add_parameter('voltage', type=types.FloatType, flags=Instrument.FLAG_SET, channels=(1, self._numdacs),
minval = self._minval, maxval = self._maxval, units='mV', format = '%.02f') # tags=['sweep']
self.add_function('set_voltages')
self.add_function('commit')
def _encode(self, data, channel = 0, bits_per_item = 16, big_endian = True):
'''
convert binary data into line symbols
the tunnel electronic DAC logic box triggers on rising
signal edges and samples data after 18us. we use a line
code with three bits of duration 12us, where a logical 1
is encoded as B"110" and a logical 0 is encoded as B"100".
the line data is returned as a byte string with three bytes/symbol.
Input:
data - a vector of data entities (usually a string or list of integers)
channel - a number in [0, 7] specifying the output bit on the USB-to-UART chip
bits_per_item - number of bits to extract from each element of the data vector
'''
# build line code for the requested channel
line_1 = chr(1<<channel)
line_0 = chr(0)
line_code = [''.join([line_0, line_1, line_1]), ''.join([line_0, line_1, line_0])]
# do actual encoding
result = []
result.append(10*line_0)
for item in data:
for bit in (range(bits_per_item-1, -1, -1) if big_endian else range(0, bits_per_item)):
result.append(line_code[1 if(item & (1<<bit)) else 0])
result.append(10*line_0)
return ''.join(result)
def commit(self):
'''
send updated parameter values to the physical DACs via USB
'''
# normalize, scale, clip voltages
voltages = [-1+2*(x-self._minval)/(self._maxval-self._minval) for x in self._voltages]
voltages = [max(-2**(self._resolution-1), min(2**(self._resolution-1)-1, int(2**(self._resolution-1)*x))) for x in voltages]
# encode and send
data = self._encode(reversed(voltages), self._bit, self._resolution)
self._conn.write_data(data)
# wait for the FTDI fifo to clock the data to the DACs
sleep(self._sleeptime)
def do_set_voltage(self, value, channel):
'''
immediately update voltage on channel ch
parameter checking is done by qtlab
'''
self._voltages[channel-1] = value
self.commit()
def set_voltages(self, valuedict):
'''
update voltages on several channels simultaneously
todo: update instrument panel display
'''
for channel, value in valuedict.iteritems():
# bounds checking & clipping
if((channel < 1) or (channel > self._numdacs)):
logging.error(__name__ + ': channel %d out of range.'%channel)
continue
value = float(value)
if((value < self._minval) or (value >= self._maxval)):
logging.error(__name__ + ': value %f out of range. clipping.'%value)
value = max(self._minval, min(self._maxval, value)) # does not handle maxval correctly
self._voltages[channel-1] = value
self.commit()
class JtagController(object):
"""JTAG master of an FTDI device"""
TCK_BIT = 0x01 # FTDI output
TDI_BIT = 0x02 # FTDI output
TDO_BIT = 0x04 # FTDI input
TMS_BIT = 0x08 # FTDI output
TRST_BIT = 0x10 # FTDI output, not available on 2232 JTAG debugger
JTAG_MASK = 0x1f
FTDI_PIPE_LEN = 512
# Private API
def __init__(self, trst=False, frequency=3.0E6):
"""
trst uses the nTRST optional JTAG line to hard-reset the TAP
controller
"""
self._ftdi = Ftdi()
self._trst = trst
self._frequency = frequency
self.direction = JtagController.TCK_BIT | \
JtagController.TDI_BIT | \
JtagController.TMS_BIT | \
(self._trst and JtagController.TRST_BIT or 0)
self._last = None # Last deferred TDO bit
self._write_buff = Array('B')
def __del__(self):
self.close()
# Public API
def configure(self, vendor, product, interface):
"""Configure the FTDI interface as a JTAG controller"""
curfreq = self._ftdi.open_mpsse(vendor, product, interface,
direction=self.direction,
#initial=0x0,
frequency=self._frequency)
# FTDI requires to initialize all GPIOs before MPSSE kicks in
cmd = Array('B', [Ftdi.SET_BITS_LOW, 0x0, self.direction])
self._ftdi.write_data(cmd)
def close(self):
if self._ftdi:
self._ftdi.close()
self._ftdi = None
def purge(self):
self._ftdi.purge_buffers()
def reset(self, sync=False):
"""Reset the attached TAP controller.
sync sends the command immediately (no caching)
"""
# we can either send a TRST HW signal or perform 5 cycles with TMS=1
# to move the remote TAP controller back to 'test_logic_reset' state
# do both for now
if not self._ftdi:
raise JtagError("FTDI controller terminated")
if self._trst:
# nTRST
value = 0
cmd = Array('B', [Ftdi.SET_BITS_LOW, value, self.direction])
self._ftdi.write_data(cmd)
time.sleep(0.1)
# nTRST should be left to the high state
value = JtagController.TRST_BIT
cmd = Array('B', [Ftdi.SET_BITS_LOW, value, self.direction])
self._ftdi.write_data(cmd)
time.sleep(0.1)
# TAP reset (even with HW reset, could be removed though)
self.write_tms(BitSequence('11111'))
if sync:
self.sync()
def sync(self):
if not self._ftdi:
raise JtagError("FTDI controller terminated")
if self._write_buff:
self._ftdi.write_data(self._write_buff)
self._write_buff = Array('B')
def write_tms(self, tms):
"""Change the TAP controller state"""
if not isinstance(tms, BitSequence):
raise JtagError('Expect a BitSequence')
length = len(tms)
if not (0 < length < 8):
raise JtagError('Invalid TMS length')
out = BitSequence(tms, length=8)
# apply the last TDO bit
if self._last is not None:
out[7] = self._last
# print "TMS", tms, (self._last is not None) and 'w/ Last' or ''
# reset last bit
self._last = None
cmd = Array('B', [Ftdi.WRITE_BITS_TMS_NVE, length-1, out.tobyte()])
self._stack_cmd(cmd)
self.sync()
#self._ftdi.validate_mpsse()
def read(self, length):
"""Read out a sequence of bits from TDO"""
byte_count = length//8
bit_count = length-8*byte_count
bs = BitSequence()
if byte_count:
bytes = self._read_bytes(byte_count)
bs.append(bytes)
if bit_count:
bits = self._read_bits(bit_count)
bs.append(bits)
return bs
def write(self, out, use_last=True):
"""Write a sequence of bits to TDI"""
if isinstance(out, str):
out = BitSequence(bytes_=out)
elif not isinstance(out, BitSequence):
out = BitSequence(out)
if use_last:
(out, self._last) = (out[:-1], bool(out[-1]))
byte_count = len(out)//8
pos = 8*byte_count
bit_count = len(out)-pos
if byte_count:
self._write_bytes(out[:pos])
if bit_count:
self._write_bits(out[pos:])
def shift_register(self, out, use_last=False):
"""Shift a BitSequence into the current register and retrieve the
register output"""
if not isinstance(out, BitSequence):
return JtagError('Expect a BitSequence')
length = len(out)
if use_last:
(out, self._last) = (out[:-1], int(out[-1]))
byte_count = len(out)//8
pos = 8*byte_count
bit_count = len(out)-pos
if not byte_count and not bit_count:
raise JtagError("Nothing to shift")
if byte_count:
blen = byte_count-1
#print "RW OUT %s" % out[:pos]
cmd = Array('B', [Ftdi.RW_BYTES_PVE_NVE_LSB, blen, (blen>>8)&0xff])
cmd.extend(out[:pos].tobytes(msby=True))
self._stack_cmd(cmd)
#print "push %d bytes" % byte_count
if bit_count:
#print "RW OUT %s" % out[pos:]
cmd = Array('B', [Ftdi.RW_BITS_PVE_NVE_LSB, bit_count-1])
cmd.append(out[pos:].tobyte())
self._stack_cmd(cmd)
#print "push %d bits" % bit_count
self.sync()
bs = BitSequence()
byte_count = length//8
pos = 8*byte_count
bit_count = length-pos
if byte_count:
data = self._ftdi.read_data_bytes(byte_count, 4)
if not data:
raise JtagError('Unable to read data from FTDI')
byteseq = BitSequence(bytes_=data, length=8*byte_count)
#print "RW IN %s" % byteseq
bs.append(byteseq)
#print "pop %d bytes" % byte_count
if bit_count:
data = self._ftdi.read_data_bytes(1, 4)
if not data:
raise JtagError('Unable to read data from FTDI')
byte = data[0]
# need to shift bits as they are shifted in from the MSB in FTDI
byte >>= 8-bit_count
bitseq = BitSequence(byte, length=bit_count)
bs.append(bitseq)
#print "pop %d bits" % bit_count
if len(bs) != length:
raise AssertionError("Internal error")
#self._ftdi.validate_mpsse()
return bs
def _stack_cmd(self, cmd):
if not isinstance(cmd, Array):
raise TypeError('Expect a byte array')
if not self._ftdi:
raise JtagError("FTDI controller terminated")
# Currrent buffer + new command + send_immediate
if (len(self._write_buff)+len(cmd)+1) >= JtagController.FTDI_PIPE_LEN:
self.sync()
self._write_buff.extend(cmd)
def _read_bits(self, length):
"""Read out bits from TDO"""
data = ''
if length > 8:
raise JtagError("Cannot fit into FTDI fifo")
cmd = Array('B', [Ftdi.READ_BITS_NVE_LSB, length-1])
self._stack_cmd(cmd)
self.sync()
data = self._ftdi.read_data_bytes(1, 4)
# need to shift bits as they are shifted in from the MSB in FTDI
byte = ord(data) >> 8-bit_count
bs = BitSequence(byte, length=length)
#print "READ BITS %s" % (bs)
return bs
def _write_bits(self, out):
"""Output bits on TDI"""
length = len(out)
byte = out.tobyte()
#print "WRITE BITS %s" % out
cmd = Array('B', [Ftdi.WRITE_BITS_NVE_LSB, length-1, byte])
self._stack_cmd(cmd)
def _read_bytes(self, length):
"""Read out bytes from TDO"""
data = ''
if length > JtagController.FTDI_PIPE_LEN:
raise JtagError("Cannot fit into FTDI fifo")
alen = length-1
cmd = Array('B', [Ftdi.READ_BYTES_NVE_LSB, alen&0xff, (alen>>8)&0xff])
self._stack_cmd(cmd)
self.sync()
data = self._ftdi.read_data_bytes(length, 4)
bs = BitSequence(bytes_=data, length=8*length)
#print "READ BYTES %s" % bs
return bs
def _write_bytes(self, out):
"""Output bytes on TDI"""
bytes_ = out.tobytes(msby=True) # don't ask...
olen = len(bytes_)-1
#print "WRITE BYTES %s" % out
cmd = Array('B', [Ftdi.WRITE_BYTES_NVE_LSB, olen&0xff, (olen>>8)&0xff])
cmd.extend(bytes_)
self._stack_cmd(cmd)
class USBDevice(Device):
"""
`AD2USB`_ device utilizing PyFTDI's interface.
"""
# Constants
PRODUCT_IDS = ((0x0403, 0x6001), (0x0403, 0x6015))
"""List of Vendor and Product IDs used to recognize `AD2USB`_ devices."""
DEFAULT_VENDOR_ID = PRODUCT_IDS[0][0]
"""Default Vendor ID used to recognize `AD2USB`_ devices."""
DEFAULT_PRODUCT_ID = PRODUCT_IDS[0][1]
"""Default Product ID used to recognize `AD2USB`_ devices."""
# Deprecated constants
FTDI_VENDOR_ID = DEFAULT_VENDOR_ID
"""DEPRECATED: Vendor ID used to recognize `AD2USB`_ devices."""
FTDI_PRODUCT_ID = DEFAULT_PRODUCT_ID
"""DEPRECATED: Product ID used to recognize `AD2USB`_ devices."""
BAUDRATE = 115200
"""Default baudrate for `AD2USB`_ devices."""
__devices = []
__detect_thread = None
@classmethod
def find_all(cls, vid=None, pid=None):
"""
Returns all FTDI devices matching our vendor and product IDs.
:returns: list of devices
:raises: :py:class:`~alarmdecoder.util.CommError`
"""
if not have_pyftdi:
raise ImportError('The USBDevice class has been disabled due to missing requirement: pyftdi or pyusb.')
cls.__devices = []
query = cls.PRODUCT_IDS
if vid and pid:
query = [(vid, pid)]
try:
cls.__devices = Ftdi.find_all(query, nocache=True)
except (usb.core.USBError, FtdiError) as err:
raise CommError('Error enumerating AD2USB devices: {0}'.format(str(err)), err)
return cls.__devices
@classmethod
def devices(cls):
"""
Returns a cached list of `AD2USB`_ devices located on the system.
:returns: cached list of devices found
"""
return cls.__devices
@classmethod
def find(cls, device=None):
"""
Factory method that returns the requested :py:class:`USBDevice` device, or the
first device.
:param device: Tuple describing the USB device to open, as returned
by find_all().
:type device: tuple
:returns: :py:class:`USBDevice` object utilizing the specified device
:raises: :py:class:`~alarmdecoder.util.NoDeviceError`
"""
if not have_pyftdi:
raise ImportError('The USBDevice class has been disabled due to missing requirement: pyftdi or pyusb.')
cls.find_all()
if len(cls.__devices) == 0:
raise NoDeviceError('No AD2USB devices present.')
if device is None:
device = cls.__devices[0]
vendor, product, sernum, ifcount, description = device
return USBDevice(interface=sernum, vid=vendor, pid=product)
@classmethod
def start_detection(cls, on_attached=None, on_detached=None):
"""
Starts the device detection thread.
:param on_attached: function to be called when a device is attached **Callback definition:** *def callback(thread, device)*
:type on_attached: function
:param on_detached: function to be called when a device is detached **Callback definition:** *def callback(thread, device)*
:type on_detached: function
"""
if not have_pyftdi:
raise ImportError('The USBDevice class has been disabled due to missing requirement: pyftdi or pyusb.')
cls.__detect_thread = USBDevice.DetectThread(on_attached, on_detached)
try:
cls.find_all()
except CommError:
pass
cls.__detect_thread.start()
@classmethod
def stop_detection(cls):
"""
Stops the device detection thread.
"""
if not have_pyftdi:
raise ImportError('The USBDevice class has been disabled due to missing requirement: pyftdi or pyusb.')
try:
cls.__detect_thread.stop()
except Exception:
pass
@property
def interface(self):
"""
Retrieves the interface used to connect to the device.
:returns: the interface used to connect to the device
"""
return self._interface
@interface.setter
def interface(self, value):
"""
Sets the interface used to connect to the device.
:param value: may specify either the serial number or the device index
:type value: string or int
"""
self._interface = value
if isinstance(value, int):
self._device_number = value
else:
self._serial_number = value
@property
def serial_number(self):
"""
Retrieves the serial number of the device.
:returns: serial number of the device
"""
return self._serial_number
@serial_number.setter
def serial_number(self, value):
"""
Sets the serial number of the device.
:param value: serial number of the device
:type value: string
"""
self._serial_number = value
@property
def description(self):
"""
Retrieves the description of the device.
:returns: description of the device
"""
return self._description
@description.setter
def description(self, value):
"""
Sets the description of the device.
:param value: description of the device
:type value: string
"""
self._description = value
def __init__(self, interface=0, vid=None, pid=None):
"""
Constructor
:param interface: May specify either the serial number or the device
index.
:type interface: string or int
"""
if not have_pyftdi:
raise ImportError('The USBDevice class has been disabled due to missing requirement: pyftdi or pyusb.')
Device.__init__(self)
self._device = Ftdi()
self._interface = 0
self._device_number = 0
self._serial_number = None
self._vendor_id = USBDevice.DEFAULT_VENDOR_ID
if vid:
self._vendor_id = vid
self._product_id = USBDevice.DEFAULT_PRODUCT_ID
if pid:
self._product_id = pid
self._endpoint = 0
self._description = None
self.interface = interface
def open(self, baudrate=BAUDRATE, no_reader_thread=False):
"""
Opens the device.
:param baudrate: baudrate to use
:type baudrate: int
:param no_reader_thread: whether or not to automatically start the
reader thread.
:type no_reader_thread: bool
:raises: :py:class:`~alarmdecoder.util.NoDeviceError`
"""
# Set up defaults
if baudrate is None:
baudrate = USBDevice.BAUDRATE
self._read_thread = Device.ReadThread(self)
# Open the device and start up the thread.
try:
self._device.open(self._vendor_id,
self._product_id,
self._endpoint,
self._device_number,
self._serial_number,
self._description)
self._device.set_baudrate(baudrate)
if not self._serial_number:
self._serial_number = self._get_serial_number()
self._id = self._serial_number
except (usb.core.USBError, FtdiError) as err:
raise NoDeviceError('Error opening device: {0}'.format(str(err)), err)
except KeyError as err:
raise NoDeviceError('Unsupported device. ({0:04x}:{1:04x}) You probably need a newer version of pyftdi.'.format(err[0][0], err[0][1]))
else:
self._running = True
self.on_open()
if not no_reader_thread:
self._read_thread.start()
return self
def close(self):
"""
Closes the device.
"""
try:
Device.close(self)
# HACK: Probably should fork pyftdi and make this call in .close()
self._device.usb_dev.attach_kernel_driver(self._device_number)
except Exception:
pass
def fileno(self):
"""
File number not supported for USB devices.
:raises: NotImplementedError
"""
raise NotImplementedError('USB devices do not support fileno()')
def write(self, data):
"""
Writes data to the device.
:param data: data to write
:type data: string
:raises: :py:class:`~alarmdecoder.util.CommError`
"""
try:
self._device.write_data(data)
self.on_write(data=data)
except FtdiError as err:
raise CommError('Error writing to device: {0}'.format(str(err)), err)
def read(self):
"""
Reads a single character from the device.
:returns: character read from the device
:raises: :py:class:`~alarmdecoder.util.CommError`
"""
ret = None
try:
ret = self._device.read_data(1)
except (usb.core.USBError, FtdiError) as err:
raise CommError('Error reading from device: {0}'.format(str(err)), err)
return ret
def read_line(self, timeout=0.0, purge_buffer=False):
"""
Reads a line from the device.
:param timeout: read timeout
:type timeout: float
:param purge_buffer: Indicates whether to purge the buffer prior to
reading.
:type purge_buffer: bool
:returns: line that was read
:raises: :py:class:`~alarmdecoder.util.CommError`, :py:class:`~alarmdecoder.util.TimeoutError`
"""
def timeout_event():
"""Handles read timeout event"""
timeout_event.reading = False
timeout_event.reading = True
if purge_buffer:
self._buffer = b''
got_line, ret = False, None
timer = threading.Timer(timeout, timeout_event)
if timeout > 0:
timer.start()
try:
while timeout_event.reading:
buf = self._device.read_data(1)
if buf != b'':
ub = bytes_hack(buf)
self._buffer += ub
if ub == b"\n":
self._buffer = self._buffer.rstrip(b"\r\n")
if len(self._buffer) > 0:
got_line = True
break
else:
time.sleep(0.01)
except (usb.core.USBError, FtdiError) as err:
raise CommError('Error reading from device: {0}'.format(str(err)), err)
else:
if got_line:
ret, self._buffer = self._buffer, b''
self.on_read(data=ret)
else:
raise TimeoutError('Timeout while waiting for line terminator.')
finally:
timer.cancel()
return ret
def purge(self):
"""
Purges read/write buffers.
"""
self._device.purge_buffers()
def _get_serial_number(self):
"""
Retrieves the FTDI device serial number.
:returns: string containing the device serial number
"""
return usb.util.get_string(self._device.usb_dev, 64, self._device.usb_dev.iSerialNumber)
class DetectThread(threading.Thread):
"""
Thread that handles detection of added/removed devices.
"""
on_attached = event.Event("This event is called when an `AD2USB`_ device has been detected.\n\n**Callback definition:** def callback(thread, device*")
on_detached = event.Event("This event is called when an `AD2USB`_ device has been removed.\n\n**Callback definition:** def callback(thread, device*")
def __init__(self, on_attached=None, on_detached=None):
"""
Constructor
:param on_attached: Function to call when a device is attached **Callback definition:** *def callback(thread, device)*
:type on_attached: function
:param on_detached: Function to call when a device is detached **Callback definition:** *def callback(thread, device)*
:type on_detached: function
"""
threading.Thread.__init__(self)
if on_attached:
self.on_attached += on_attached
if on_detached:
self.on_detached += on_detached
self._running = False
def stop(self):
"""
Stops the thread.
"""
self._running = False
def run(self):
"""
The actual detection process.
"""
self._running = True
last_devices = set()
while self._running:
try:
current_devices = set(USBDevice.find_all())
for dev in current_devices.difference(last_devices):
self.on_attached(device=dev)
for dev in last_devices.difference(current_devices):
self.on_detached(device=dev)
last_devices = current_devices
except CommError:
pass
time.sleep(0.25)
class Tunnel_DAC(Instrument):
def __init__(self, name, serial=None, channel='A0', numdacs=3, delay=1e-3):
'''
discover and initialize Tunnel_DAC hardware
Input:
serial - serial number of the FTDI converter
channel - 2 character channel id the DAC is connected to;
the first byte identifies the channel (A..D for current devices)
the second byte identifies the bit within that channel (0..7)
numdacs - number of DACs daisy-chained on that line
delay - communications delay assumed between PC and the USB converter
'''
logging.info(__name__ + ': Initializing instrument Tunnel_DAC')
Instrument.__init__(self, name, tags=['physical'])
self._conn = Ftdi()
# VIDs and PIDs of converters used
vps = [
(0x0403, 0x6011), # FTDI UM4232H 4ch
(0x0403, 0x6014) # FTDI UM232H 1ch
]
# explicitly clear device cache of UsbTools
#UsbTools.USBDEVICES = []
# find all devices and obtain serial numbers
devs = self._conn.find_all(vps)
# filter list by serial number if provided
if (serial != None):
devs = [dev for dev in devs if dev[2] == serial]
if (len(devs) == 0):
logging.error(__name__ + ': failed to find matching FTDI devices.')
elif (len(devs) > 1):
logging.error(
__name__ +
': more than one converter found and no serial number given.')
logging.info(__name__ + ': available devices are: %s.' %
str([dev[2] for dev in devs]))
vid, pid, self._serial, channels, description = devs[0]
# parse channel string
if (len(channel) != 2):
logging.error(
__name__ +
': channel identifier must be a string of length 2. ex. A0, D5.'
)
self._channel = 1 + ord(channel[0]) - ord('A')
self._bit = ord(channel[1]) - ord('0')
if ((self._channel < 1) or (self._channel > channels)):
logging.error(__name__ +
': channel %c is not supported by this device.' %
(chr(ord('A') + self._channel - 1)))
if ((self._bit < 0) or (self._bit > 7)):
logging.error(__name__ +
': subchannel must be between 0 and 7, not %d.' %
self._bit)
# open device
self._conn.open(vid, pid, interface=self._channel, serial=self._serial)
logging.info(__name__ +
': using converter with serial #%s' % self._serial)
self._conn.set_bitmode(0xFF, Ftdi.BITMODE_BITBANG)
# 80k generates bit durations of 12.5us, 80 is magic :(
# magic?: 4 from incorrect BITBANG handling of pyftdi, 2.5 from 120MHz instead of 48MHz clock of H devices
# original matlab code uses 19kS/s
self._conn.set_baudrate(19000 / 80)
# house keeping
self._numdacs = numdacs
self._sleeptime = (
10. + 16. * self._numdacs
) * 12.5e-6 + delay # 1st term from hardware parameters, 2nd term from USB
self._minval = -5000.
self._maxval = 5000.
self._resolution = 16 # DAC resolution in bits
self._voltages = [0.] * numdacs
self.add_parameter('voltage',
type=types.FloatType,
flags=Instrument.FLAG_SET,
channels=(1, self._numdacs),
minval=self._minval,
maxval=self._maxval,
units='mV',
format='%.02f') # tags=['sweep']
self.add_function('set_voltages')
self.add_function('commit')
def _encode(self, data, channel=0, bits_per_item=16, big_endian=True):
'''
convert binary data into line symbols
the tunnel electronic DAC logic box triggers on rising
signal edges and samples data after 18us. we use a line
code with three bits of duration 12us, where a logical 1
is encoded as B"110" and a logical 0 is encoded as B"100".
the line data is returned as a byte string with three bytes/symbol.
Input:
data - a vector of data entities (usually a string or list of integers)
channel - a number in [0, 7] specifying the output bit on the USB-to-UART chip
bits_per_item - number of bits to extract from each element of the data vector
'''
# build line code for the requested channel
line_1 = chr(1 << channel)
line_0 = chr(0)
line_code = [
''.join([line_0, line_1, line_1]),
''.join([line_0, line_1, line_0])
]
# do actual encoding
result = []
result.append(10 * line_0)
for item in data:
for bit in (range(bits_per_item - 1, -1, -1)
if big_endian else range(0, bits_per_item)):
result.append(line_code[1 if (item & (1 << bit)) else 0])
result.append(10 * line_0)
return ''.join(result)
def commit(self):
'''
send updated parameter values to the physical DACs via USB
'''
# normalize, scale, clip voltages
voltages = [
-1 + 2 * (x - self._minval) / (self._maxval - self._minval)
for x in self._voltages
]
voltages = [
max(
-2**(self._resolution - 1),
min(2**(self._resolution - 1) - 1,
int(2**(self._resolution - 1) * x))) for x in voltages
]
# encode and send
data = self._encode(reversed(voltages), self._bit, self._resolution)
self._conn.write_data(data)
# wait for the FTDI fifo to clock the data to the DACs
sleep(self._sleeptime)
def do_set_voltage(self, value, channel):
'''
immediately update voltage on channel ch
parameter checking is done by qtlab
'''
self._voltages[channel - 1] = value
self.commit()
def set_voltages(self, valuedict):
'''
update voltages on several channels simultaneously
todo: update instrument panel display
'''
for channel, value in valuedict.iteritems():
# bounds checking & clipping
if ((channel < 1) or (channel > self._numdacs)):
logging.error(__name__ +
': channel %d out of range.' % channel)
continue
value = float(value)
if ((value < self._minval) or (value >= self._maxval)):
logging.error(__name__ +
': value %f out of range. clipping.' % value)
value = max(self._minval,
min(self._maxval,
value)) # does not handle maxval correctly
self._voltages[channel - 1] = value
self.commit()
class JtagController(object):
"""JTAG master of an FTDI device"""
TCK_BIT = 0x01 # FTDI output
TDI_BIT = 0x02 # FTDI output
TDO_BIT = 0x04 # FTDI input
TMS_BIT = 0x08 # FTDI output
TRST_BIT = 0x10 # FTDI output, not available on 2232 JTAG debugger
JTAG_MASK = 0x1f
FTDI_PIPE_LEN = 512
# Private API
def __init__(self, trst=False, frequency=3.0E6):
"""
trst uses the nTRST optional JTAG line to hard-reset the TAP
controller
"""
self._ftdi = Ftdi()
self._trst = trst
self._frequency = frequency
self.direction = JtagController.TCK_BIT | \
JtagController.TDI_BIT | \
JtagController.TMS_BIT | \
(self._trst and JtagController.TRST_BIT or 0)
self._last = None # Last deferred TDO bit
self._write_buff = Array('B')
def __del__(self):
self.close()
# Public API
def configure(self, vendor, product, interface):
"""Configure the FTDI interface as a JTAG controller"""
curfreq = self._ftdi.open_mpsse(
vendor,
product,
interface,
direction=self.direction,
#initial=0x0,
frequency=self._frequency)
# FTDI requires to initialize all GPIOs before MPSSE kicks in
cmd = Array('B', [Ftdi.SET_BITS_LOW, 0x0, self.direction])
self._ftdi.write_data(cmd)
def close(self):
if self._ftdi:
self._ftdi.close()
self._ftdi = None
def purge(self):
self._ftdi.purge_buffers()
def reset(self, sync=False):
"""Reset the attached TAP controller.
sync sends the command immediately (no caching)
"""
# we can either send a TRST HW signal or perform 5 cycles with TMS=1
# to move the remote TAP controller back to 'test_logic_reset' state
# do both for now
if not self._ftdi:
raise JtagError("FTDI controller terminated")
if self._trst:
# nTRST
value = 0
cmd = Array('B', [Ftdi.SET_BITS_LOW, value, self.direction])
self._ftdi.write_data(cmd)
time.sleep(0.1)
# nTRST should be left to the high state
value = JtagController.TRST_BIT
cmd = Array('B', [Ftdi.SET_BITS_LOW, value, self.direction])
self._ftdi.write_data(cmd)
time.sleep(0.1)
# TAP reset (even with HW reset, could be removed though)
self.write_tms(BitSequence('11111'))
if sync:
self.sync()
def sync(self):
if not self._ftdi:
raise JtagError("FTDI controller terminated")
if self._write_buff:
self._ftdi.write_data(self._write_buff)
self._write_buff = Array('B')
def write_tms(self, tms):
"""Change the TAP controller state"""
if not isinstance(tms, BitSequence):
raise JtagError('Expect a BitSequence')
length = len(tms)
if not (0 < length < 8):
raise JtagError('Invalid TMS length')
out = BitSequence(tms, length=8)
# apply the last TDO bit
if self._last is not None:
out[7] = self._last
# print "TMS", tms, (self._last is not None) and 'w/ Last' or ''
# reset last bit
self._last = None
cmd = Array('B', [Ftdi.WRITE_BITS_TMS_NVE, length - 1, out.tobyte()])
self._stack_cmd(cmd)
self.sync()
#self._ftdi.validate_mpsse()
def read(self, length):
"""Read out a sequence of bits from TDO"""
byte_count = length // 8
bit_count = length - 8 * byte_count
bs = BitSequence()
if byte_count:
bytes = self._read_bytes(byte_count)
bs.append(bytes)
if bit_count:
bits = self._read_bits(bit_count)
bs.append(bits)
return bs
def write(self, out, use_last=True):
"""Write a sequence of bits to TDI"""
if isinstance(out, str):
if len(out) > 1:
self._write_bytes_raw(out[:-1])
out = out[-1]
out = BitSequence(bytes_=out)
elif not isinstance(out, BitSequence):
out = BitSequence(out)
if use_last:
(out, self._last) = (out[:-1], bool(out[-1]))
byte_count = len(out) // 8
pos = 8 * byte_count
bit_count = len(out) - pos
if byte_count:
self._write_bytes(out[:pos])
if bit_count:
self._write_bits(out[pos:])
def shift_register(self, out, use_last=False):
"""Shift a BitSequence into the current register and retrieve the
register output"""
if not isinstance(out, BitSequence):
return JtagError('Expect a BitSequence')
length = len(out)
if use_last:
(out, self._last) = (out[:-1], int(out[-1]))
byte_count = len(out) // 8
pos = 8 * byte_count
bit_count = len(out) - pos
if not byte_count and not bit_count:
raise JtagError("Nothing to shift")
if byte_count:
blen = byte_count - 1
#print "RW OUT %s" % out[:pos]
cmd = Array('B',
[Ftdi.RW_BYTES_PVE_NVE_LSB, blen, (blen >> 8) & 0xff])
cmd.extend(out[:pos].tobytes(msby=True))
self._stack_cmd(cmd)
#print "push %d bytes" % byte_count
if bit_count:
#print "RW OUT %s" % out[pos:]
cmd = Array('B', [Ftdi.RW_BITS_PVE_NVE_LSB, bit_count - 1])
cmd.append(out[pos:].tobyte())
self._stack_cmd(cmd)
#print "push %d bits" % bit_count
self.sync()
bs = BitSequence()
byte_count = length // 8
pos = 8 * byte_count
bit_count = length - pos
if byte_count:
data = self._ftdi.read_data_bytes(byte_count, 4)
if not data:
raise JtagError('Unable to read data from FTDI')
byteseq = BitSequence(bytes_=data, length=8 * byte_count)
#print "RW IN %s" % byteseq
bs.append(byteseq)
#print "pop %d bytes" % byte_count
if bit_count:
data = self._ftdi.read_data_bytes(1, 4)
if not data:
raise JtagError('Unable to read data from FTDI')
byte = data[0]
# need to shift bits as they are shifted in from the MSB in FTDI
byte >>= 8 - bit_count
bitseq = BitSequence(byte, length=bit_count)
bs.append(bitseq)
#print "pop %d bits" % bit_count
if len(bs) != length:
raise AssertionError("Internal error")
#self._ftdi.validate_mpsse()
return bs
def _stack_cmd(self, cmd):
if not isinstance(cmd, Array):
raise TypeError('Expect a byte array')
if not self._ftdi:
raise JtagError("FTDI controller terminated")
# Currrent buffer + new command + send_immediate
if (len(self._write_buff) + len(cmd) +
1) >= JtagController.FTDI_PIPE_LEN:
self.sync()
self._write_buff.extend(cmd)
def _read_bits(self, length):
"""Read out bits from TDO"""
data = ''
if length > 8:
raise JtagError("Cannot fit into FTDI fifo")
cmd = Array('B', [Ftdi.READ_BITS_NVE_LSB, length - 1])
self._stack_cmd(cmd)
self.sync()
data = self._ftdi.read_data_bytes(1, 4)
# need to shift bits as they are shifted in from the MSB in FTDI
byte = ord(data) >> 8 - bit_count
bs = BitSequence(byte, length=length)
#print "READ BITS %s" % (bs)
return bs
def _write_bits(self, out):
"""Output bits on TDI"""
length = len(out)
byte = out.tobyte()
#print "WRITE BITS %s" % out
cmd = Array('B', [Ftdi.WRITE_BITS_NVE_LSB, length - 1, byte])
self._stack_cmd(cmd)
def _read_bytes(self, length):
"""Read out bytes from TDO"""
data = ''
if length > JtagController.FTDI_PIPE_LEN:
raise JtagError("Cannot fit into FTDI fifo")
alen = length - 1
cmd = Array('B',
[Ftdi.READ_BYTES_NVE_LSB, alen & 0xff, (alen >> 8) & 0xff])
self._stack_cmd(cmd)
self.sync()
data = self._ftdi.read_data_bytes(length, 4)
bs = BitSequence(bytes_=data, length=8 * length)
#print "READ BYTES %s" % bs
return bs
def _write_bytes(self, out):
"""Output bytes on TDI"""
bytes_ = out.tobytes(msby=True) # don't ask...
olen = len(bytes_) - 1
#print "WRITE BYTES %s" % out
cmd = Array(
'B', [Ftdi.WRITE_BYTES_NVE_LSB, olen & 0xff, (olen >> 8) & 0xff])
cmd.extend(bytes_)
self._stack_cmd(cmd)
def _write_bytes_raw(self, out):
"""Output bytes on TDI"""
olen = len(out) - 1
cmd = Array(
'B', [Ftdi.WRITE_BYTES_NVE_LSB, olen & 0xff, (olen >> 8) & 0xff])
cmd.fromstring(out)
self._stack_cmd(cmd)
class FifoController (object):
SYNC_FIFO_INTERFACE = 1
SYNC_FIFO_INDEX = 0
def __init__(self, idVendor, idProduct):
self.vendor = idVendor
self.product = idProduct
self.f = Ftdi()
def set_sync_fifo(self, frequency=30.0E6, latency=2):
"""Configure the interface for synchronous FIFO mode"""
# Open an FTDI interface
# self.f.open(self.vendor, self.product, self.SYNC_FIFO_INTERFACE, self.SYNC_FIFO_INDEX, None, None)
self.f.open(self.vendor, self.product, 0)
# Drain input buffer
self.f.purge_buffers()
# Reset
# Enable MPSSE mode
self.f.set_bitmode(0x00, Ftdi.BITMODE_SYNCFF)
# Configure clock
frequency = self.f._set_frequency(frequency)
# Set latency timer
self.f.set_latency_timer(latency)
# Set chunk size
self.f.write_data_set_chunksize(0x10000)
self.f.read_data_set_chunksize(0x10000)
self.f.set_flowctrl('hw')
# Configure I/O
# self.write_data(Array('B', [Ftdi.SET_BITS_LOW, 0x00, 0x00]))
# Disable loopback
# self.write_data(Array('B', [Ftdi.LOOPBACK_END]))
# self.validate_mpsse()
# Drain input buffer
self.f.purge_buffers()
# Return the actual frequency
return frequency
def set_async_fifo(self, frequency=6.0E6, latency=2):
"""Configure the interface for synchronous FIFO mode"""
# Open an FTDI interface
self.f.open(self.vendor, self.product, self.SYNC_FIFO_INTERFACE, self.SYNC_FIFO_INDEX, None, None)
# Set latency timer
self.f.set_latency_timer(latency)
# Set chunk size
self.f.write_data_set_chunksize(512)
self.f.read_data_set_chunksize(512)
# Drain input buffer
self.f.purge_buffers()
# Enable MPSSE mode
self.f.set_bitmode(0x00, Ftdi.BITMODE_BITBANG)
# Configure clock
frequency = self.f._set_frequency(frequency)
# Configure I/O
# self.write_data(Array('B', [Ftdi.SET_BITS_LOW, 0x00, 0x00]))
# Disable loopback
# self.write_data(Array('B', [Ftdi.LOOPBACK_END]))
# self.validate_mpsse()
# Drain input buffer
self.f.purge_buffers()
# Return the actual frequency
return frequency
class SpiController(object):
"""SPI master.
:param silent_clock: should be set to avoid clocking out SCLK when all
/CS signals are released. This clock beat is used
to enforce a delay between /CS signal activation.
When weird SPI devices are used, SCLK beating may
cause trouble. In this case, silent_clock should
be set but beware that SCLK line should be fitted
with a pull-down resistor, as SCLK is high-Z
during this short period of time.
:param cs_count: is the number of /CS lines (one per device to drive on
the SPI bus)
"""
SCK_BIT = 0x01
DO_BIT = 0x02
DI_BIT = 0x04
CS_BIT = 0x08
PAYLOAD_MAX_LENGTH = 0x10000 # 16 bits max
def __init__(self, silent_clock=False, cs_count=4):
self._ftdi = Ftdi()
self._cs_bits = ((SpiController.CS_BIT << cs_count) - 1) & \
~(SpiController.CS_BIT - 1)
self._ports = [None] * cs_count
self._direction = self._cs_bits | \
SpiController.DO_BIT | \
SpiController.SCK_BIT
self._cs_high = Array('B')
if silent_clock:
# Set SCLK as input to avoid emitting clock beats
self._cs_high.extend([Ftdi.SET_BITS_LOW, self._cs_bits,
self._direction & ~SpiController.SCK_BIT])
# /CS to SCLK delay, use 8 clock cycles as a HW tempo
self._cs_high.extend([Ftdi.WRITE_BITS_TMS_NVE, 8-1, 0xff])
# Restore idle state
self._cs_high.extend([Ftdi.SET_BITS_LOW, self._cs_bits,
self._direction])
self._immediate = Array('B', [Ftdi.SEND_IMMEDIATE])
self._frequency = 0.0
def configure(self, vendor, product, interface, frequency=6.0E6):
"""Configure the FTDI interface as a SPI master"""
self._frequency = \
self._ftdi.open_mpsse(vendor, product, interface,
direction=self._direction,
initial=self._cs_bits, # /CS all high
frequency=frequency)
def terminate(self):
"""Close the FTDI interface"""
if self._ftdi:
self._ftdi.close()
self._ftdi = None
def get_port(self, cs):
"""Obtain a SPI port to drive a SPI device selected by cs"""
if not self._ftdi:
raise SpiIOError("FTDI controller not initialized")
if cs >= len(self._ports):
raise SpiIOError("No such SPI port")
if not self._ports[cs]:
cs_state = 0xFF & ~((SpiController.CS_BIT<<cs) |
SpiController.SCK_BIT |
SpiController.DO_BIT)
cs_cmd = Array('B', [Ftdi.SET_BITS_LOW,
cs_state,
self._direction])
self._ports[cs] = SpiPort(self, cs_cmd)
self._flush()
return self._ports[cs]
@property
def frequency_max(self):
"""Returns the maximum SPI clock"""
return self._ftdi.frequency_max
@property
def frequency(self):
"""Returns the current SPI clock"""
return self._frequency
def _exchange(self, frequency, cs_cmd, out, readlen):
"""Perform a half-duplex transaction with the SPI slave"""
if not self._ftdi:
raise SpiIOError("FTDI controller not initialized")
if len(out) > SpiController.PAYLOAD_MAX_LENGTH:
raise SpiIOError("Output payload is too large")
if readlen > SpiController.PAYLOAD_MAX_LENGTH:
raise SpiIOError("Input payload is too large")
if self._frequency != frequency:
freq = self._ftdi.set_frequency(frequency)
# store the requested value, not the actual one (best effort)
self._frequency = frequency
write_cmd = struct.pack('<BH', Ftdi.WRITE_BYTES_NVE_MSB, len(out)-1)
if readlen:
read_cmd = struct.pack('<BH', Ftdi.READ_BYTES_NVE_MSB, readlen-1)
cmd = Array('B', cs_cmd)
cmd.fromstring(write_cmd)
cmd.extend(out)
cmd.fromstring(read_cmd)
cmd.extend(self._immediate)
cmd.extend(self._cs_high)
self._ftdi.write_data(cmd)
# USB read cycle may occur before the FTDI device has actually
# sent the data, so try to read more than once if no data is
# actually received
data = self._ftdi.read_data_bytes(readlen, 4)
else:
cmd = Array('B', cs_cmd)
cmd.fromstring(write_cmd)
cmd.extend(out)
cmd.extend(self._cs_high)
self._ftdi.write_data(cmd)
data = Array('B')
return data
def _flush(self):
"""Flush the HW FIFOs"""
self._ftdi.write_data(self._immediate)
self._ftdi.purge_buffers()
def __init__(self, name, serial = None, channel = 'A0', numdacs=3, delay = 1e-3):
'''
discover and initialize Tunnel_DAC hardware
Input:
serial - serial number of the FTDI converter
channel - 2 character channel id the DAC is connected to;
the first byte identifies the channel (A..D for current devices)
the second byte identifies the bit within that channel (0..7)
numdacs - number of DACs daisy-chained on that line
delay - communications delay assumed between PC and the USB converter
'''
logging.info(__name__+ ': Initializing instrument Tunnel_DAC')
Instrument.__init__(self, name, tags=['physical'])
self._conn = Ftdi()
# VIDs and PIDs of converters used
vps = [
(0x0403, 0x6011), # FTDI UM4232H 4ch
(0x0403, 0x6014) # FTDI UM232H 1ch
]
# explicitly clear device cache of UsbTools
#UsbTools.USBDEVICES = []
# find all devices and obtain serial numbers
devs = self._conn.find_all(vps)
# filter list by serial number if provided
if(serial != None):
devs = [dev for dev in devs if dev[2] == serial]
if(len(devs) == 0):
logging.error(__name__ + ': failed to find matching FTDI devices.')
elif(len(devs) > 1):
logging.error(__name__ + ': more than one converter found and no serial number given.')
logging.info(__name__ + ': available devices are: %s.'%str([dev[2] for dev in devs]))
vid, pid, self._serial, channels, description = devs[0]
# parse channel string
if(len(channel) != 2):
logging.error(__name__ + ': channel identifier must be a string of length 2. ex. A0, D5.')
self._channel = 1 + ord(channel[0]) - ord('A')
self._bit = ord(channel[1]) - ord('0')
if((self._channel < 1) or (self._channel > channels)):
logging.error(__name__ + ': channel %c is not supported by this device.'%(chr(ord('A')+self._channel-1)))
if((self._bit < 0) or (self._bit > 7)):
logging.error(__name__ + ': subchannel must be between 0 and 7, not %d.'%self._bit)
# open device
self._conn.open(vid, pid, interface = self._channel, serial = self._serial)
logging.info(__name__ + ': using converter with serial #%s'%self._serial)
self._conn.set_bitmode(0xFF, Ftdi.BITMODE_BITBANG)
# 80k generates bit durations of 12.5us, 80 is magic :(
# magic?: 4 from incorrect BITBANG handling of pyftdi, 2.5 from 120MHz instead of 48MHz clock of H devices
# original matlab code uses 19kS/s
self._conn.set_baudrate(19000/80)
# house keeping
self._numdacs = numdacs
self._sleeptime = (10. + 16.*self._numdacs)*12.5e-6 + delay # 1st term from hardware parameters, 2nd term from USB
self._minval = -5000.
self._maxval = 5000.
self._resolution = 16 # DAC resolution in bits
self._voltages = [0.]*numdacs
self.add_parameter('voltage', type=types.FloatType, flags=Instrument.FLAG_SET, channels=(1, self._numdacs),
minval = self._minval, maxval = self._maxval, units='mV', format = '%.02f') # tags=['sweep']
self.add_function('set_voltages')
self.add_function('commit')
def find_all():
devices = Ftdi.find_all([(FTDI_VENDOR_ID, FTDI_PRODUCT_ID)])
return [(serial_str, description) for
vendor_id, product_id, serial_str, num_interfaces,
description in devices]
class SpiController(object):
"""SPI master"""
SCK_BIT = 0x01
DO_BIT = 0x02
DI_BIT = 0x04
CS_BIT = 0x08
PAYLOAD_MAX_LENGTH = 0x10000 # 16 bits max
def __init__(self, silent_clock=False, cs_count=4):
"""Instanciate a SpiController.
silent_clock should be set to avoid clocking out SCLK when all /CS
signals are released. This clock beat is used to enforce a delay
between /CS signal activation. When weird SPI devices are used,
SCLK beating may cause trouble. In this case, silent_clock should
be set but beware that SCLK line should be fitted with a pull-down
resistor, as SCLK is high-Z during this short period of time.
cs_count is the number of /CS lines (one per device to drive on the
SPI bus)
"""
self._ftdi = Ftdi()
self._cs_bits = ((SpiController.CS_BIT << cs_count) - 1) & \
~(SpiController.CS_BIT - 1)
self._ports = [None] * cs_count
self._direction = self._cs_bits | \
SpiController.DO_BIT | \
SpiController.SCK_BIT
self._cs_high = Array('B')
if silent_clock:
# Set SCLK as input to avoid emitting clock beats
self._cs_high.extend([Ftdi.SET_BITS_LOW, self._cs_bits,
self._direction&~SpiController.SCK_BIT])
# /CS to SCLK delay, use 8 clock cycles as a HW tempo
self._cs_high.extend([Ftdi.WRITE_BITS_TMS_NVE, 8-1, 0xff])
# Restore idle state
self._cs_high.extend([Ftdi.SET_BITS_LOW, self._cs_bits,
self._direction])
self._immediate = Array('B', [Ftdi.SEND_IMMEDIATE])
self._frequency = 0.0
def configure(self, vendor, product, interface, frequency=6.0E6,
loopback=False):
"""Configure the FTDI interface as a SPI master"""
self._frequency = \
self._ftdi.open_mpsse(vendor, product, interface,
direction=self._direction,
initial=self._cs_bits, # /CS all high
frequency=frequency,
loopback=loopback)
def terminate(self):
"""Close the FTDI interface"""
if self._ftdi:
self._ftdi.close()
self._ftdi = None
def get_port(self, cs):
"""Obtain a SPI port to drive a SPI device selected by cs"""
if not self._ftdi:
raise SpiIOError("FTDI controller not initialized")
if cs >= len(self._ports):
raise SpiIOError("No such SPI port")
if not self._ports[cs]:
cs_state = 0xFF & ~((SpiController.CS_BIT<<cs) |
SpiController.SCK_BIT |
SpiController.DO_BIT)
cs_cmd = Array('B', [Ftdi.SET_BITS_LOW,
cs_state,
self._direction])
self._ports[cs] = SpiPort(self, cs_cmd)
self._flush()
return self._ports[cs]
@property
def frequency_max(self):
"""Returns the maximum SPI clock"""
return self._ftdi.frequency_max
@property
def frequency(self):
"""Returns the current SPI clock"""
return self._frequency
def _exchange(self, frequency, cs_cmd, out, readlen):
"""Perform a half-duplex transaction with the SPI slave"""
if not self._ftdi:
raise SpiIOError("FTDI controller not initialized")
if len(out) > SpiController.PAYLOAD_MAX_LENGTH:
raise SpiIOError("Output payload is too large")
if readlen > SpiController.PAYLOAD_MAX_LENGTH:
raise SpiIOError("Input payload is too large")
if self._frequency != frequency:
freq = self._ftdi.set_frequency(frequency)
# store the requested value, not the actual one (best effort)
self._frequency = frequency
write_cmd = struct.pack('<BH', Ftdi.WRITE_BYTES_NVE_MSB, len(out)-1)
if readlen:
read_cmd = struct.pack('<BH', Ftdi.READ_BYTES_NVE_MSB, readlen-1)
cmd = Array('B', cs_cmd)
cmd.fromstring(write_cmd)
cmd.extend(out)
cmd.fromstring(read_cmd)
cmd.extend(self._immediate)
cmd.extend(self._cs_high)
self._ftdi.write_data(cmd)
# USB read cycle may occur before the FTDI device has actually
# sent the data, so try to read more than once if no data is
# actually received
data = self._ftdi.read_data_bytes(readlen, 4)
else:
cmd = Array('B', cs_cmd)
cmd.fromstring(write_cmd)
cmd.extend(out)
cmd.extend(self._cs_high)
self._ftdi.write_data(cmd)
data = Array('B')
return data
def _flush(self):
"""Flush the HW FIFOs"""
self._ftdi.write_data(self._immediate)
self._ftdi.purge_buffers()
def burn(firmware_file):
global f
f = Ftdi()
try:
f.open_mpsse(0x0403, 0x6010, description="HiSPARC III Master",
interface=1, initial=1, direction=0b11)
except (FtdiError, usb.USBError):
print "RESET"
usb.util.dispose_resources(f.usb_dev)
f.open_mpsse(0x0403, 0x6010, description="HiSPARC III Master",
interface=1, initial=1, direction=0b11)
f.write_data([Ftdi.TCK_DIVISOR, 0, 0])
f.write_data([Ftdi.DISABLE_CLK_DIV5])
print_low_bits(f)
print_high_bits(f)
f.write_data([Ftdi.SET_BITS_HIGH, 0, 1])
print_high_bits(f)
f.write_data([Ftdi.SET_BITS_HIGH, 1, 1])
print_high_bits(f)
BUFSIZE = 64 * 1024
with open(os.path.expanduser(firmware_file), 'rb') as file:
while True:
xbuf = file.read(BUFSIZE)
if not xbuf:
break
LENGTH = len(xbuf) - 1
LENGTH_L = LENGTH & 0xff
LENGTH_H = LENGTH >> 8 & 0xff
send_buf = [Ftdi.WRITE_BYTES_PVE_LSB] + [LENGTH_L, LENGTH_H] + [ord(u) for u in xbuf]
f.write_data(send_buf)
#for i in range(10):
# print_high_bits(f)
# f.write_data([0x8e, 0])
print_high_bits(f)
print_low_bits(f)
def test_multiple_interface(self):
# the following calls used to create issues (several interfaces from
# the same device)
ftdi1 = Ftdi()
ftdi1.open(interface=1)
ftdi2 = Ftdi()
ftdi2.open(interface=2)
import time
for x in range(5):
print "If#1: ", hex(ftdi1.poll_modem_status())
print "If#2: ", ftdi2.modem_status()
time.sleep(0.500)
ftdi1.close()
ftdi2.close()
class BitBangController(object):
PROGRAM_PIN = 0x20
SOFT_RESET_PIN = 0x40
def __init__(self, idVendor, idProduct, interface):
#all pins are in high impedance
self.vendor = idVendor
self.product = idProduct
self.interface = interface
self.f = Ftdi()
# print "vid: %s, pid: %s" % (str(hex(idVendor)), str(hex(idProduct)))
self.f.open_bitbang(idVendor, idProduct, interface)
def hiz(self):
print "changing pins to high impedance"
def is_in_bitbang(self):
return self.f.bitbang_enabled
def read_pins(self):
return self.f.read_pins()
def read_program_pin(self):
return (self.PROGRAM_PIN & self.f.read_pins() > 0)
def soft_reset_high(self):
pins = self.f.read_pins()
pins |= self.SOFT_RESET_PIN
prog_cmd = Array('B', [0x01, pins])
self.f.write_data(prog_cmd)
def soft_reset_low(self):
pins = self.f.read_pins()
pins &= ~(self.SOFT_RESET_PIN)
prog_cmd = Array('B', [0x00, pins])
self.f.write_data(prog_cmd)
def program_high(self):
pins = self.f.read_pins()
pins |= self.PROGRAM_PIN
prog_cmd = Array('B', [0x01, pins])
self.f.write_data(prog_cmd)
def program_low(self):
pins = self.f.read_pins()
pins &= ~(self.PROGRAM_PIN)
prog_cmd = Array('B', [0x00, pins])
self.f.write_data(prog_cmd)
def read_soft_reset_pin(self):
return (self.SOFT_RESET_PIN & self.f.read_pins() > 0)
def set_soft_reset_to_output(self):
pin_dir = self.SOFT_RESET_PIN
self.f.open_bitbang(self.vendor, self.product, self.interface, direction = pin_dir)
def set_program_to_output(self):
pin_dir = self.PROGRAM_PIN
self.f.open_bitbang(self.vendor, self.product, self.interface, direction = pin_dir)
def set_pins_to_input(self):
self.f.open_bitbang(self.vendor, self.product, self.interface, direction = 0x00)
def set_pins_to_output(self):
self.f.open_bitbang(self.vendor, self.product, self.interface, direction = 0xFF)
def pins_on(self):
prog_cmd = Array('B', [0x01, 0xFF])
self.f.write_data(prog_cmd)
def pins_off(self):
prog_cmd = Array('B', [0x01, 0x00])
self.f.write_data(prog_cmd)
class Dionysus(Olympus):
"""Dionysus
Concrete Class that implements Dionysus specific communication functions
"""
def __init__(self, idVendor=0x0403, idProduct=0x8530, debug = False):
Olympus.__init__(self, debug)
self.vendor = idVendor
self.product = idProduct
self.dev = Ftdi()
self._open_dev()
self.name = "Dionysus"
def __del__(self):
self.dev.close()
def _open_dev(self):
"""_open_dev
Open an FTDI communication channel
Args:
Nothing
Returns:
Nothing
Raises:
Exception
"""
frequency = 30.0E6
#Latency can go down t 2 but when set there is a small chance that there is a crash
latency = 4
self.dev.open(self.vendor, self.product, 0)
# Drain input buffer
self.dev.purge_buffers()
# Reset
# Enable MPSSE mode
self.dev.set_bitmode(0x00, Ftdi.BITMODE_SYNCFF)
# Configure clock
frequency = self.dev._set_frequency(frequency)
# Set latency timer
self.dev.set_latency_timer(latency)
# Set chunk size
self.dev.write_data_set_chunksize(0x10000)
self.dev.read_data_set_chunksize(0x10000)
self.dev.set_flowctrl('hw')
self.dev.purge_buffers()
def read(self, device_id, address, length = 1, mem_device = False):
"""read
read data from the Olympus image
Args:
device_id: Device identification number, found in the DRT
address: Address of the register/memory to read
mem_device: True if the device is on the memory bus
length: Number of 32 bit words to read from the FPGA
Returns:
A byte array containing the raw data returned from Olympus
Raises:
OlympusCommError
"""
read_data = Array('B')
write_data = Array('B', [0xCD, 0x02])
if mem_device:
if self.debug:
print "memory device"
write_data = Array ('B', [0xCD, 0x12])
fmt_string = "%06X" % (length)
write_data.fromstring(fmt_string.decode('hex'))
offset_string = "00"
if not mem_device:
offset_string = "%02X" % device_id
write_data.fromstring(offset_string.decode('hex'))
addr_string = "%06X" % address
write_data.fromstring(addr_string.decode('hex'))
if self.debug:
print "data read string: " + str(write_data)
self.dev.purge_buffers()
self.dev.write_data(write_data)
timeout = time.time() + self.read_timeout
rsp = Array('B')
while time.time() < timeout:
response = self.dev.read_data(1)
if len(response) > 0:
rsp = Array('B')
rsp.fromstring(response)
if rsp[0] == 0xDC:
if self.debug:
print "Got a response"
break
if len(rsp) > 0:
if rsp[0] != 0xDC:
if self.debug:
print "Response not found"
raise OlympusCommError("Did not find identification byte (0xDC): %s" % str(rsp))
else:
if self.debug:
print "No Response found"
raise OlympusCommError("Timeout while waiting for a response")
#I need to watch out for the modem status bytes
read_count = 0
response = Array('B')
rsp = Array('B')
timeout = time.time() + self.read_timeout
while (time.time() < timeout) and (read_count < (length * 4 + 8)):
response = self.dev.read_data((length * 4 + 8 ) - read_count)
temp = Array('B')
temp.fromstring(response)
#print "temp: %s", str(temp)
if (len(temp) > 0):
rsp += temp
read_count = len(rsp)
if self.debug:
print "read length = %d, total length = %d" % (len(rsp), (length * 4 + 8))
print "time left on timeout: %d" % (timeout - time.time())
if self.debug:
print "response length: " + str(length * 4 + 8)
print "response status:\n\t" + str(rsp[:8])
print "response data:\n" + str(rsp[8:])
return rsp[8:]
def write(self, device_id, address, data=None, mem_device = False):
"""write
Write data to an Olympus image
Args:
device_id: Device identification number, found in the DRT
address: Address of the register/memory to read
mem_device: True if the device is on the memory bus
data: Array of raw bytes to send to the device
Returns:
Nothing
Raises:
OlympusCommError
"""
length = len(data) / 4
# ID 01 NN NN NN OO AA AA AA DD DD DD DD
# ID = ID BYTE (0xCD)
# 01 = Write Command
# NN = Size of write (3 bytes)
# OO = Offset of device
# AA = Address (4 bytes)
# DD = Data (4 bytes)
#create an array with the identification byte (0xCD)
#and code for write (0x01)
data_out = Array('B', [0xCD, 0x01])
if mem_device:
if self.debug:
print "memory device"
data_out = Array ('B', [0xCD, 0x11])
"""
print "write command:\n\t" + str(data_out[:9])
for i in range (0, len(data_out)):
print str(hex(data_out[i])) + ", ",
print " "
"""
#append the length into the frist 32 bits
fmt_string = "%06X" % (length)
data_out.fromstring(fmt_string.decode('hex'))
offset_string = "00"
if not mem_device:
offset_string = "%02X" % device_id
data_out.fromstring(offset_string.decode('hex'))
addr_string = "%06X" % address
data_out.fromstring(addr_string.decode('hex'))
data_out.extend(data)
"""
#if (self.debug):
print "data write string:\n"
print "write command:\n\t" + str(data_out[:9])
for i in range (0, 9):
print str(hex(data_out[i])) + ", ",
print " "
"""
#print "write data:\n" + str(data_out[9:])
#avoid the akward stale bug
self.dev.purge_buffers()
self.dev.write_data(data_out)
rsp = Array('B')
timeout = time.time() + self.read_timeout
while time.time() < timeout:
response = self.dev.read_data(1)
if len(response) > 0:
rsp = Array('B')
rsp.fromstring(response)
if rsp[0] == 0xDC:
if self.debug:
print "Got a response"
break
if (len(rsp) > 0):
if rsp[0] != 0xDC:
if self.debug:
print "Response not found"
raise OlympusCommError("Did not find identification byte (0xDC): %s" % str(rsp))
else:
if self.debug:
print "No Response"
raise OlympusCommError("Timeout while waiting for a response")
response = self.dev.read_data(8)
rsp = Array('B')
rsp.fromstring(response)
if self.debug:
print "Response: " + str(rsp)
def ping(self):
"""ping
Pings the Olympus image
Args:
Nothing
Returns:
Nothing
Raises:
OlympusCommError
"""
data = Array('B')
data.extend([0XCD, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00]);
if self.debug:
print "Sending ping...",
self.dev.write_data(data)
rsp = Array('B')
temp = Array('B')
timeout = time.time() + self.read_timeout
while time.time() < timeout:
response = self.dev.read_data(5)
if self.debug:
print ".",
rsp = Array('B')
rsp.fromstring(response)
temp.extend(rsp)
if 0xDC in rsp:
if self.debug:
print "Got a response"
print "Response: %s" % str(temp)
break
if not 0xDC in rsp:
if self.debug:
print "ID byte not found in response"
print "temp: " + str(temp)
raise OlympusCommError("Ping response did not contain ID: %s" % str(temp))
index = rsp.index(0xDC) + 1
read_data = Array('B')
read_data.extend(rsp[index:])
num = 3 - index
read_data.fromstring(self.dev.read_data(num))
if self.debug:
print "Success!"
return
def reset(self):
"""reset
Software reset the Olympus FPGA Master, this may not actually reset the
entire FPGA image
Args:
Nothing
Returns:
Nothing
Raises:
OlympusCommError: A failure of communication is detected
"""
data = Array('B')
data.extend([0XCD, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00]);
if self.debug:
print "Sending reset..."
self.dev.purge_buffers()
self.dev.write_data(data)
def dump_core(self):
"""dump_core
reads the state of the wishbone master prior to a reset, useful for
debugging
Args:
Nothing
Returns:
Array of 32-bit values to be parsed by core_analyzer
Raises:
AssertionError: This function must be overriden by a board specific
implementation
OlympusCommError: A failure of communication is detected
"""
data = Array('B')
data.extend([0xCD, 0x0F, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00]);
print "Sending core dump request..."
self.dev.purge_buffers()
self.dev.write_data(data)
core_dump = Array('L')
wait_time = 5
timeout = time.time() + wait_time
temp = Array ('B')
while time.time() < timeout:
response = self.dev.read_data(1)
rsp = Array('B')
rsp.fromstring(response)
temp.extend(rsp)
if 0xDC in rsp:
print "Got a response"
break
if not 0xDC in rsp:
print "Response not found"
raise OlympusCommError("Response Not Found")
rsp = Array('B')
read_total = 4
read_count = len(rsp)
#get the number of items from the address
timeout = time.time() + wait_time
while (time.time() < timeout) and (read_count < read_total):
response = self.dev.read_data(read_total - read_count)
temp = Array('B')
temp.fromstring(response)
if (len(temp) > 0):
rsp += temp
read_count = len(rsp)
print "Length of read: %d" % len(rsp)
print "Data: %s" % str(rsp)
count = ( rsp[1] << 16 | rsp[2] << 8 | rsp[3]) * 4
print "Number of core registers: %d" % (count / 4)
#get the core dump data
timeout = time.time() + wait_time
read_total = count
read_count = 0
temp = Array ('B')
rsp = Array('B')
while (time.time() < timeout) and (read_count < read_total):
response = self.dev.read_data(read_total - read_count)
temp = Array('B')
temp.fromstring(response)
if (len(temp) > 0):
rsp += temp
read_count = len(rsp)
print "Length read: %d" % (len(rsp) / 4)
print "Data: %s" % str(rsp)
core_data = Array('L')
for i in range (0, count, 4):
print "count: %d" % i
core_data.append(rsp[i] << 24 | rsp[i + 1] << 16 | rsp[i + 2] << 8 | rsp[i + 3])
#if self.debug:
print "core data: " + str(core_data)
return core_data
def wait_for_interrupts(self, wait_time = 1):
"""wait_for_interrupts
listen for interrupts for the specified amount of time
Args:
wait_time: the amount of time in seconds to wait for an interrupt
Returns:
True: Interrupts were detected
False: No interrupts detected
Raises:
Nothing
"""
timeout = time.time() + wait_time
temp = Array ('B')
while time.time() < timeout:
response = self.dev.read_data(1)
rsp = Array('B')
rsp.fromstring(response)
temp.extend(rsp)
if 0xDC in rsp:
if self.debug:
print "Got a response"
break
if not 0xDC in rsp:
if self.debug:
print "Response not found"
return False
read_total = 9
read_count = len(rsp)
#print "read_count: %s" % str(rsp)
while (time.time() < timeout) and (read_count < read_total):
response = self.dev.read_data(read_total - read_count)
temp = Array('B')
temp.fromstring(response)
#print "temp: %s", str(temp)
if (len(temp) > 0):
rsp += temp
read_count = len(rsp)
#print "read_count: %s" % str(rsp)
index = rsp.index(0xDC) + 1
read_data = Array('B')
read_data.extend(rsp[index:])
#print "read_data: " + str(rsp)
self.interrupts = read_data[-4] << 24 | read_data[-3] << 16 | read_data[-2] << 8 | read_data[-1]
if self.debug:
print "interrupts: " + str(self.interrupts)
return True
def comm_debug(self):
"""comm_debug
A function that the end user will probably not interract with
This is here to simply debug a communication medium
Args:
Nothing
Returns:
Nothing
Raises:
Nothing
"""
#self.dev.set_dtr_rts(True, True)
#self.dev.set_dtr(False)
print "CTS: " + str(self.dev.get_cts())
# print "DSR: " + str(self.dev.get_dsr())
s1 = self.dev.modem_status()
print "S1: " + str(s1)
def __init__(self, name, serial=None, channel='A0', numdacs=3, delay=1e-3):
'''
discover and initialize Tunnel_DAC hardware
Input:
serial - serial number of the FTDI converter
channel - 2 character channel id the DAC is connected to;
the first byte identifies the channel (A..D for current devices)
the second byte identifies the bit within that channel (0..7)
numdacs - number of DACs daisy-chained on that line
delay - communications delay assumed between PC and the USB converter
'''
logging.info(__name__ + ': Initializing instrument Tunnel_DAC')
Instrument.__init__(self, name, tags=['physical'])
self._conn = Ftdi()
# VIDs and PIDs of converters used
vps = [
(0x0403, 0x6011), # FTDI UM4232H 4ch
(0x0403, 0x6014) # FTDI UM232H 1ch
]
# explicitly clear device cache of UsbTools
#UsbTools.USBDEVICES = []
# find all devices and obtain serial numbers
devs = self._conn.find_all(vps)
# filter list by serial number if provided
if (serial != None):
devs = [dev for dev in devs if dev[2] == serial]
if (len(devs) == 0):
logging.error(__name__ + ': failed to find matching FTDI devices.')
elif (len(devs) > 1):
logging.error(
__name__ +
': more than one converter found and no serial number given.')
logging.info(__name__ + ': available devices are: %s.' %
str([dev[2] for dev in devs]))
vid, pid, self._serial, channels, description = devs[0]
# parse channel string
if (len(channel) != 2):
logging.error(
__name__ +
': channel identifier must be a string of length 2. ex. A0, D5.'
)
self._channel = 1 + ord(channel[0]) - ord('A')
self._bit = ord(channel[1]) - ord('0')
if ((self._channel < 1) or (self._channel > channels)):
logging.error(__name__ +
': channel %c is not supported by this device.' %
(chr(ord('A') + self._channel - 1)))
if ((self._bit < 0) or (self._bit > 7)):
logging.error(__name__ +
': subchannel must be between 0 and 7, not %d.' %
self._bit)
# open device
self._conn.open(vid, pid, interface=self._channel, serial=self._serial)
logging.info(__name__ +
': using converter with serial #%s' % self._serial)
self._conn.set_bitmode(0xFF, Ftdi.BITMODE_BITBANG)
# 80k generates bit durations of 12.5us, 80 is magic :(
# magic?: 4 from incorrect BITBANG handling of pyftdi, 2.5 from 120MHz instead of 48MHz clock of H devices
# original matlab code uses 19kS/s
self._conn.set_baudrate(19000 / 80)
# house keeping
self._numdacs = numdacs
self._sleeptime = (
10. + 16. * self._numdacs
) * 12.5e-6 + delay # 1st term from hardware parameters, 2nd term from USB
self._minval = -5000.
self._maxval = 5000.
self._resolution = 16 # DAC resolution in bits
self._voltages = [0.] * numdacs
self.add_parameter('voltage',
type=types.FloatType,
flags=Instrument.FLAG_SET,
channels=(1, self._numdacs),
minval=self._minval,
maxval=self._maxval,
units='mV',
format='%.02f') # tags=['sweep']
self.add_function('set_voltages')
self.add_function('commit')
def find_all():
devices = Ftdi.find_all([(FTDI_VENDOR_ID, FTDI_PRODUCT_ID)])
return [(serial_str, description) for vendor_id, product_id,
serial_str, num_interfaces, description in devices]
