def mean_theta(prof, lower=-1, upper=-1): ''' Calculates the mean theta from a profile object within the specified layer. Inputs ------ prof (profile object) Profile Object lower (float) Bottom level (hPa) [-1=SFC] upper (float) Top level (hPa) [-1=SFC-100hPa] Returns ------- Mean Theta (float) ''' if lower == -1: lower = prof.gSndg[prof.sfc][prof.pind] if upper == -1: upper = prof.gSndg[prof.sfc][prof.pind] - 100. if not QC(interp.temp(upper, prof)): mmw = RMISSD if not QC(interp.temp(lower, prof)): prof.gSndg[prof.sfc][prof.pind] # Find lowest observations in the layer i = 0 while prof.gSndg[i][prof.pind] > lower: i += 1 while not QC(prof.gSndg[i][prof.tind]): i += 1 lptr = i if prof.gSndg[i][prof.pind] == lower: lptr += 1 # Find highest observations in the layer i = prof.gNumLevels - 1 while prof.gSndg[i][prof.pind] < upper: i -= 1 uptr = i if prof.gSndg[i][prof.pind] == upper: uptr -= 1 tott = 0 # Start with interpolated bottom layer t1 = thermo.theta(lower, interp.temp(lower, prof), 1000.) num = 1 # Calculate every level that reports a dew point for i in range(lptr, uptr + 1): if QC(prof.gSndg[i][prof.tind]): t2 = thermo.theta(prof.gSndg[i][prof.pind], prof.gSndg[i][prof.tind], 1000.) tbar = (t1 + t2) / 2. tott += tbar t1 = t2 num += 1 # Finish with top layer t2 = thermo.theta(upper, interp.temp(upper, prof), 1000.) tbar = (t1 + t2) / 2. tott += tbar return tott / num
def mean_theta(prof, lower=-1, upper=-1): ''' Calculates the mean theta from a profile object within the specified layer. Inputs ------ prof (profile object) Profile Object lower (float) Bottom level (hPa) [-1=SFC] upper (float) Top level (hPa) [-1=SFC-100hPa] Returns ------- Mean Theta (float) ''' if lower == -1: lower = prof.gSndg[prof.sfc][prof.pind] if upper == -1: upper = prof.gSndg[prof.sfc][prof.pind] - 100. if not QC(interp.temp(upper, prof)): mmw = RMISSD if not QC(interp.temp(lower, prof)): prof.gSndg[prof.sfc][prof.pind] # Find lowest observations in the layer i = 0 while prof.gSndg[i][prof.pind] > lower: i+=1 while not QC(prof.gSndg[i][prof.tind]): i+=1 lptr = i if prof.gSndg[i][prof.pind] == lower: lptr+=1 # Find highest observations in the layer i = prof.gNumLevels - 1 while prof.gSndg[i][prof.pind] < upper: i-=1 uptr = i if prof.gSndg[i][prof.pind] == upper: uptr-=1 tott = 0 # Start with interpolated bottom layer t1 = thermo.theta(lower, interp.temp(lower, prof), 1000.) num = 1 # Calculate every level that reports a dew point for i in range(lptr, uptr+1): if QC(prof.gSndg[i][prof.tind]): t2 = thermo.theta(prof.gSndg[i][prof.pind], prof.gSndg[i][prof.tind], 1000.) tbar = (t1 + t2) / 2. tott += tbar t1 = t2 num += 1 # Finish with top layer t2 = thermo.theta(upper, interp.temp(upper, prof), 1000.) tbar = (t1 + t2) / 2. tott += tbar return tott / num
def test_theta(): # single input_p = 940 input_t = 5 input_p2 = 1000. correct_theta = 9.961049492262532 returned_theta = thermo.theta(input_p, input_t, input_p2) npt.assert_almost_equal(returned_theta, correct_theta) # array input_p = np.asarray([940, 850]) input_t = np.asarray([5, 10]) input_p2 = np.asarray([1000., 1000.]) correct_theta = [9.961049492262532, 23.457812111895066] returned_theta = thermo.theta(input_p, input_t, input_p2) npt.assert_almost_equal(returned_theta, correct_theta)
def get_parcels(self): ''' Function to generate various parcels and parcel traces. Returns nothing, but sets the following variables: self.mupcl : Most Unstable Parcel self.sfcpcl : Surface Based Parcel self.mlpcl : Mixed Layer Parcel self.fcstpcl : Forecast Surface Parcel self.ebottom : The bottom pressure level of the effective inflow layer self.etop : the top pressure level of the effective inflow layer self.ebotm : The bottom, meters (agl), of the effective inflow layer self.etopm : The top, meters (agl), of the effective inflow layer Parameters ---------- None Returns ------- None ''' self.mupcl = params.parcelx( self, flag=3 ) if self.mupcl.lplvals.pres == self.pres[self.sfc]: self.sfcpcl = self.mupcl else: self.sfcpcl = params.parcelx( self, flag=1 ) self.fcstpcl = params.parcelx( self, flag=2 ) self.mlpcl = params.parcelx( self, flag=4 ) self.usrpcl = params.Parcel() ## get the effective inflow layer data self.ebottom, self.etop = params.effective_inflow_layer( self, mupcl=self.mupcl ) ## if there was no effective inflow layer, set the values to masked if self.etop is ma.masked or self.ebottom is ma.masked: self.ebotm = ma.masked; self.etopm = ma.masked self.effpcl = self.sfcpcl # Default to surface parcel, as in params.DefineProfile(). ## otherwise, interpolate the heights given to above ground level else: self.ebotm = interp.to_agl(self, interp.hght(self, self.ebottom)) self.etopm = interp.to_agl(self, interp.hght(self, self.etop)) # The below code was adapted from params.DefineProfile() # Lifting one additional parcel probably won't slow the program too much. # It's just one more lift compared to all the lifts in the params.effective_inflow_layer() call. mtha = params.mean_theta(self, self.ebottom, self.etop) mmr = params.mean_mixratio(self, self.ebottom, self.etop) effpres = (self.ebottom+self.etop)/2. efftmpc = thermo.theta(1000., mtha, effpres) effdwpc = thermo.temp_at_mixrat(mmr, effpres) self.effpcl = params.parcelx(self, flag=5, pres=effpres, tmpc=efftmpc, dwpc=effdwpc) #This is the effective parcel.
def __ml(self, prof, **kwargs): ''' Create the mixed-layer parcel; mixing over defined pressure ''' self.desc = '%.2f hPa Mixed Layer Parcel' % self.presval self.pres = prof.gSndg[prof.sfc][prof.pind] diff = prof.gSndg[prof.sfc][prof.pind] - self.presval mtha = mean_theta(prof, -1, diff) mmr = mean_mixratio(prof, -1, diff) self.temp = thermo.theta(1000., mtha, self.pres) self.dwpt = thermo.temp_at_mixrat(mmr, self.pres) return
def get_theta_profile(self): ''' Function to calculate the theta profile. Parameters ---------- None Returns ------- Array of theta profile ''' theta = ma.empty(self.pres.shape[0]) for i in range(len(self.v)): theta[i] = thermo.theta(self.pres[i], self.tmpc[i]) theta[theta == self.missing] = ma.masked theta.set_fill_value(self.missing) theta = thermo.ctok(theta) return theta
def __effective(self, prof): ''' Create the mean-effective layer parcel ''' pbot, ptop = effective_inflow_layer(100, -250, prof) if pbot > 0: self.desc = '%.2f hPa Mean Effective Layer Centered at %.2f' % ( pbot - ptop, (pbot + ptop) / 2.) mtha = mean_theta(prof, pbot, ptop) mmr = mean_mixratio(prof, pbot, ptop) self.pres = (ptop + pbot) / 2. self.temp = thermo.theta(1000., mtha, self.pres) self.dwpt = thermo.temp_at_mixrat(mmr, self.pres) else: self.desc = 'Defaulting to Surface Layer' self.pres = prof.gSndg[prof.sfc][prof.pind] self.temp = prof.gSndg[prof.sfc][prof.tind] self.dwpt = prof.gSndg[prof.sfc][prof.tdind] if QC(pbot): self.pbot = pbot else: self.pbot = RMISSD if QC(ptop): self.ptop = ptop else: self.ptop = RMISSD return
def __effective(self, prof): ''' Create the mean-effective layer parcel ''' pbot, ptop = effective_inflow_layer(100, -250, prof) if pbot > 0: self.desc = '%.2f hPa Mean Effective Layer Centered at %.2f' % ( pbot-ptop, (pbot+ptop)/2.) mtha = mean_theta(prof, pbot, ptop) mmr = mean_mixratio(prof, pbot, ptop) self.pres = (ptop + pbot) / 2. self.temp = thermo.theta(1000., mtha, self.pres) self.dwpt = thermo.temp_at_mixrat(mmr, self.pres) else: self.desc = 'Defaulting to Surface Layer' self.pres = prof.gSndg[prof.sfc][prof.pind] self.temp = prof.gSndg[prof.sfc][prof.tind] self.dwpt = prof.gSndg[prof.sfc][prof.tdind] if QC(pbot): self.pbot = pbot else: self.pbot = RMISSD if QC(ptop): self.ptop = ptop else: self.ptop = RMISSD return
''' Create the Sounding (Profile) Object '''
def parcelx(lower, upper, pres, temp, dwpt, prof, **kwargs): ''' Lifts the specified parcel, calculated various levels and parameters from the profile object. B+/B- are calculated based on the specified layer. !! All calculations use the virtual temperature correction unless noted. !! Inputs ------ lower (float) Lower-bound lifting level (hPa) upper (float) Upper-bound lifting level pres (float) Pressure of parcel to lift (hPa) temp (float) Temperature of parcel to lift (C) dwpt (float) Dew Point of parcel to lift (C) prof (profile object) Profile Object Returns ------- pcl (parcel object) Parcel Object ''' pcl = Parcel(-1, -1, pres, temp, dwpt) if 'lplvals' in kwargs: pcl.lplvals = kwargs.get('lplvals') else: lplvals = DefineParcel(prof, 5, pres=pres, temp=temp, dwpt=dwpt) pcl.lplvals = lplvals if prof.gNumLevels < 1: return pcl lyre = -1 cap_strength = RMISSD cap_strengthpres = RMISSD li_max = RMISSD li_maxpres = RMISSD totp = 0. totn = 0. tote = 0. cinh_old = 0. # See if default layer is specified if lower == -1: lower = prof.gSndg[prof.sfc][prof.pind] pcl.blayer = lower if upper == -1: upper = prof.gSndg[prof.gNumLevels - 1][prof.pind] pcl.tlayer = upper # Make sure that this is a valid layer if lower > pres: lower = pres pcl.blayer = lower if not QC(interp.vtmp(lower, prof)) or \ not QC(interp.vtmp(upper, prof)): return RMISSD # Begin with the Mixing Layer te1 = interp.vtmp(pres, prof) pe1 = lower h1 = interp.hght(pe1, prof) tp1 = thermo.virtemp(pres, temp, dwpt) # te1 = tp1 # Lift parcel and return LCL pres (hPa) and LCL temp (c) pe2, tp2 = thermo.drylift(pres, temp, dwpt) blupper = pe2 # Define top of layer as LCL pres h2 = interp.hght(pe2, prof) te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) pcl.lclpres = pe2 pcl.lclhght = interp.agl(h2, prof) # Calculate lifted parcel theta for use in iterative CINH loop below # RECALL: lifted parcel theta is CONSTANT from LPL to LCL theta_parcel = thermo.theta(pe2, tp2, 1000.) # Environmental theta and mixing ratio at LPL bltheta = thermo.theta(pres, interp.temp(pres, prof), 1000.) blmr = thermo.mixratio(pres, dwpt) # ACCUMULATED CINH IN MIXING LAYER BELOW THE LCL # This will be done in 10mb increments, and will use the virtual # temperature correction where possible pinc = -10 a = int(lower) b = int(blupper) for pp in range(a, b, int(pinc)): pp1 = pp pp2 = pp + pinc if pp2 < blupper: pp2 = blupper dz = interp.hght(pp2, prof) - interp.hght(pp1, prof) # Calculate difference between Tv_parcel and Tv_environment at top # and bottom of 10mb layers. Make use of constant lifted parcel # theta and mixing ratio from LPL to LCL tv_env_bot = thermo.virtemp( pp1, thermo.theta(pp1, interp.temp(pp1, prof), 1000.), interp.dwpt(pp1, prof)) tdef1 = (thermo.virtemp(pp1, theta_parcel, thermo.temp_at_mixrat(blmr, pp1)) - tv_env_bot) / \ (thermo.ctok(tv_env_bot)) tv_env_top = thermo.virtemp( pp2, thermo.theta(pp2, interp.temp(pp2, prof), 1000.), interp.dwpt(pp2, prof)) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pp2, theta_parcel, thermo.temp_at_mixrat(blmr, pp2)) - tv_env_top) / \ (thermo.ctok(tv_env_bot)) lyre = G * (tdef1 + tdef2) / 2. * dz if lyre < 0: totn += lyre # Move the bottom layer to the top of the boundary layer if lower > pe2: lower = pe2 pcl.blayer = lower # Calculate height of various temperature levels p0c = temp_lvl(0., prof) pm10c = temp_lvl(-10., prof) pm20c = temp_lvl(-20., prof) pm30c = temp_lvl(-30., prof) hgt0c = interp.hght(p0c, prof) hgtm10c = interp.hght(pm10c, prof) hgtm20c = interp.hght(pm20c, prof) hgtm30c = interp.hght(pm30c, prof) pcl.p0c = p0c pcl.pm10c = pm10c pcl.pm20c = pm20c pcl.pm30c = pm30c pcl.hght0c = hgt0c pcl.hghtm10c = hgtm10c pcl.hghtm20c = hgtm20c pcl.hghtm30c = hgtm30c # Find lowest observation in layer i = 0 while prof.gSndg[i][prof.pind] > lower: if i == prof.gNumLevels - 1: break i += 1 while not QC(prof.gSndg[i][prof.tdind]): if i == prof.gNumLevels - 1: break i += 1 lptr = i if prof.gSndg[i][prof.pind] == lower: if i != prof.gNumLevels - 1: lptr += 1 # Find highest observation in layer i = prof.gNumLevels - 1 while prof.gSndg[i][prof.pind] < upper: if i < lptr: break i -= 1 uptr = i if prof.gSndg[i][prof.pind] == upper: if i > lptr: uptr -= 1 # START WITH INTERPOLATED BOTTOM LAYER # Begin moist ascent from lifted parcel LCL (pe2, tp2) pe1 = lower h1 = interp.hght(pe1, prof) te1 = interp.vtmp(pe1, prof) tp1 = thermo.wetlift(pe2, tp2, pe1) lyre = 0 lyrlast = 0 for i in range(lptr, prof.gNumLevels): if not QC(prof.gSndg[i][prof.tind]): continue pe2 = prof.gSndg[i][prof.pind] h2 = prof.gSndg[i][prof.zind] te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) tp2 = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, pe2) tdef1 = (thermo.virtemp(pe1, tp1, tp1) - te1) / thermo.ctok(te1) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2) / thermo.ctok(te2) lyrlast = lyre lyre = G * (tdef1 + tdef2) / 2. * (h2 - h1) # Add layer energy to total positive if lyre > 0 if lyre > 0: totp += lyre # Add layer energy to total negative if lyre < 0, only up to EL else: if pe2 > 500.: totn += lyre # Check for Max LI mli = thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2 if mli > li_max: li_max = mli li_maxpres = pe2 # Check for Max Cap Strength mcap = te2 - mli if mcap > cap_strength: cap_strength = mcap cap_strengthpres = pe2 tote += lyre pelast = pe1 pe1 = pe2 h1 = h2 te1 = te2 tp1 = tp2 # Is this the top of the specified layer if i >= uptr and not QC(pcl.bplus): pe3 = pe1 h3 = h1 te3 = te1 tp3 = tp1 lyrf = lyre if lyrf > 0: pcl.bplus = totp - lyrf pcl.bminus = totn else: pcl.bplus = totp if pe2 > 500.: pcl.bminus = totn + lyrf else: pcl.bminus = totn pe2 = upper h2 = interp.hght(pe2, prof) te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) tp2 = thermo.wetlift(pe3, tp3, pe2) tdef3 = (thermo.virtemp(pe3, tp3, tp3) - te3) / thermo.ctok(te3) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2) / thermo.ctok(te2) lyrf = G * (tdef3 + tdef2) / 2. * (h2 - h3) if lyrf > 0: pcl.bplus += lyrf else: if pe2 > 500.: pcl.bminus += lyrf if pcl.bplus == 0: pcl.bminus = 0. # Is this the freezing level if te2 < 0. and not QC(pcl.bfzl): pe3 = pelast h3 = interp.hght(pe3, prof) te3 = interp.vtmp(pe3, prof) tp3 = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, pe3) lyrf = lyre if lyrf > 0.: pcl.bfzl = totp - lyrf else: pcl.bfzl = totp if not QC(p0c) or p0c > pe3: pcl.bfzl = 0 elif QC(pe2): te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) tp2 = thermo.wetlift(pe3, tp3, pe2) tdef3 = (thermo.virtemp(pe3, tp3, tp3) - te3) / \ thermo.ctok(te3) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2) / \ thermo.ctok(te2) lyrf = G * (tdef3 + tdef2) / 2. * (hgt0c - h3) if lyrf > 0: pcl.bfzl += lyrf # Is this the -10C level if te2 < -10. and not QC(pcl.wm10c): pe3 = pelast h3 = interp.hght(pe3, prof) te3 = interp.vtmp(pe3, prof) tp3 = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, pe3) lyrf = lyre if lyrf > 0.: pcl.wm10c = totp - lyrf else: pcl.wm10c = totp if not QC(pm10c) or pm10c > pcl.lclpres: pcl.wm10c = 0 elif QC(pe2): te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) tp2 = thermo.wetlift(pe3, tp3, pe2) tdef3 = (thermo.virtemp(pe3, tp3, tp3) - te3) / \ thermo.ctok(te3) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2) / \ thermo.ctok(te2) lyrf = G * (tdef3 + tdef2) / 2. * (hgtm10c - h3) if lyrf > 0: pcl.wm10c += lyrf # Is this the -20C level if te2 < -20. and not QC(pcl.wm20c): pe3 = pelast h3 = interp.hght(pe3, prof) te3 = interp.vtmp(pe3, prof) tp3 = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, pe3) lyrf = lyre if lyrf > 0.: pcl.wm20c = totp - lyrf else: pcl.wm20c = totp if not QC(pm20c) or pm20c > pcl.lclpres: pcl.wm20c = 0 elif QC(pe2): te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) tp2 = thermo.wetlift(pe3, tp3, pe2) tdef3 = (thermo.virtemp(pe3, tp3, tp3) - te3) / \ thermo.ctok(te3) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2) / \ thermo.ctok(te2) lyrf = G * (tdef3 + tdef2) / 2. * (hgtm20c - h3) if lyrf > 0: pcl.wm20c += lyrf # Is this the -30C level if te2 < -30. and not QC(pcl.wm30c): pe3 = pelast h3 = interp.hght(pe3, prof) te3 = interp.vtmp(pe3, prof) tp3 = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, pe3) lyrf = lyre if lyrf > 0.: pcl.wm30c = totp - lyrf else: pcl.wm30c = totp if not QC(pm30c) or pm30c > pcl.lclpres: pcl.wm30c = 0 elif QC(pe2): te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) tp2 = thermo.wetlift(pe3, tp3, pe2) tdef3 = (thermo.virtemp(pe3, tp3, tp3) - te3) / \ thermo.ctok(te3) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2) / \ thermo.ctok(te2) lyrf = G * (tdef3 + tdef2) / 2. * (hgtm30c - h3) if lyrf > 0: pcl.wm30c += lyrf # Is this the 3km level if pcl.lclhght < 3000.: h = interp.agl(interp.hght(pe2, prof), prof) if h >= 3000. and not QC(pcl.b3km): pe3 = pelast h3 = interp.hght(pe3, prof) te3 = interp.vtmp(pe3, prof) tp3 = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, pe3) lyrf = lyre if lyrf > 0: pcl.b3km = totp - lyrf else: pcl.b3km = totp h2 = interp.msl(3000., prof) pe2 = interp.pres(h2, prof) if QC(pe2): te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) tp2 = thermo.wetlift(pe3, tp3, pe2) tdef3 = (thermo.virtemp(pe3, tp3, tp3) - te3) / \ thermo.ctok(te3) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2) / \ thermo.ctok(te2) lyrf = G * (tdef3 + tdef2) / 2. * (h2 - h3) if lyrf > 0: pcl.b3km += lyrf else: pcl.b3km = 0. # Is this the 6km level if pcl.lclhght < 6000.: h = interp.agl(interp.hght(pe2, prof), prof) if h >= 6000. and not QC(pcl.b6km): pe3 = pelast h3 = interp.hght(pe3, prof) te3 = interp.vtmp(pe3, prof) tp3 = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, pe3) lyrf = lyre if lyrf > 0: pcl.b6km = totp - lyrf else: pcl.b6km = totp h2 = interp.msl(6000., prof) pe2 = interp.pres(h2, prof) if QC(pe2): te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) tp2 = thermo.wetlift(pe3, tp3, pe2) tdef3 = (thermo.virtemp(pe3, tp3, tp3) - te3) / \ thermo.ctok(te3) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2) / \ thermo.ctok(te2) lyrf = G * (tdef3 + tdef2) / 2. * (h2 - h3) if lyrf > 0: pcl.b6km += lyrf else: pcl.b6km = 0. # LFC Possibility if lyre >= 0. and lyrlast <= 0.: tp3 = tp1 te3 = te1 pe2 = pe1 pe3 = pelast while interp.vtmp(pe3, prof) > thermo.virtemp( pe3, thermo.wetlift(pe2, tp3, pe3), thermo.wetlift(pe2, tp3, pe3)): pe3 -= 5 pcl.lfcpres = pe3 pcl.lfchght = interp.agl(interp.hght(pe3, prof), prof) cinh_old = totn tote = 0. pcl.elpres = RMISSD li_max = RMISSD if cap_strength < 0.: cap_strength = 0. pcl.cap = cap_strength pcl.cappres = cap_strengthpres # Hack to force LFC to be at least at the LCL if pcl.lfcpres > pcl.lclpres: pcl.lfcpres = pcl.lclpres pcl.lfchght = pcl.lclhght # EL Possibility if lyre <= 0. and lyrlast >= 0.: tp3 = tp1 te3 = te1 pe2 = pe1 pe3 = pelast while interp.vtmp(pe3, prof) < thermo.virtemp( pe3, thermo.wetlift(pe2, tp3, pe3), thermo.wetlift(pe2, tp3, pe3)): pe3 -= 5 pcl.elpres = pe3 pcl.elhght = interp.agl(interp.hght(pe3, prof), prof) pcl.mplpres = RMISSD pcl.limax = -li_max pcl.limaxpress = li_maxpres # MPL Possibility if tote < 0. and not QC(pcl.mplpres) and QC(pcl.elpres): pe3 = pelast h3 = interp.hght(pe3, prof) te3 = interp.vtmp(pe3, prof) tp3 = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, pe3) totx = tote - lyre pe2 = pelast while totx > 0: pe2 -= 1 te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) tp2 = thermo.wetlift(pe3, tp3, pe2) h2 = interp.hght(pe2, prof) tdef3 = (thermo.virtemp(pe3, tp3, tp3) - te3) / \ thermo.ctok(te3) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2) / \ thermo.ctok(te2) lyrf = G * (tdef3 + tdef2) / 2. * (h2 - h3) totx += lyrf tp3 = tp2 te3 = te2 pe3 = pe2 pcl.mplpres = pe2 pcl.mplhght = interp.agl(interp.hght(pe2, prof), prof) # 500 hPa Lifted Index if prof.gSndg[i][prof.pind] <= 500. and pcl.li5 == RMISSD: a = interp.vtmp(500., prof) b = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, 500.) pcl.li5 = a - thermo.virtemp(500, b, b) # 300 hPa Lifted Index if prof.gSndg[i][prof.pind] <= 300. and pcl.li3 == RMISSD: a = interp.vtmp(300., prof) b = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, 300.) pcl.li3 = a - thermo.virtemp(300, b, b) # Calculate BRN if available pcl = bulk_rich(pcl, prof) pcl.bminus = cinh_old if pcl.bplus == 0: pcl.bminus = 0. return pcl
def parcelx(lower, upper, pres, temp, dwpt, prof, **kwargs): ''' Lifts the specified parcel, calculated various levels and parameters from the profile object. B+/B- are calculated based on the specified layer. !! All calculations use the virtual temperature correction unless noted. !! Inputs ------ lower (float) Lower-bound lifting level (hPa) upper (float) Upper-bound lifting level pres (float) Pressure of parcel to lift (hPa) temp (float) Temperature of parcel to lift (C) dwpt (float) Dew Point of parcel to lift (C) prof (profile object) Profile Object Returns ------- pcl (parcel object) Parcel Object ''' pcl = Parcel(-1, -1, pres, temp, dwpt) if 'lplvals' in kwargs: pcl.lplvals = kwargs.get('lplvals') else: lplvals = DefineParcel(prof, 5, pres=pres, temp=temp, dwpt=dwpt) pcl.lplvals = lplvals if prof.gNumLevels < 1: return pcl lyre = -1 cap_strength = RMISSD cap_strengthpres = RMISSD li_max = RMISSD li_maxpres = RMISSD totp = 0. totn = 0. tote = 0. cinh_old = 0. # See if default layer is specified if lower == -1: lower = prof.gSndg[prof.sfc][prof.pind] pcl.blayer = lower if upper == -1: upper = prof.gSndg[prof.gNumLevels-1][prof.pind] pcl.tlayer = upper # Make sure that this is a valid layer if lower > pres: lower = pres pcl.blayer = lower if not QC(interp.vtmp(lower, prof)) or \ not QC(interp.vtmp(upper, prof)): return RMISSD # Begin with the Mixing Layer te1 = interp.vtmp(pres, prof) pe1 = lower h1 = interp.hght(pe1, prof) tp1 = thermo.virtemp(pres, temp, dwpt) # te1 = tp1 # Lift parcel and return LCL pres (hPa) and LCL temp (c) pe2, tp2 = thermo.drylift(pres, temp, dwpt) blupper = pe2 # Define top of layer as LCL pres h2 = interp.hght(pe2, prof) te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) pcl.lclpres = pe2 pcl.lclhght = interp.agl(h2, prof) # Calculate lifted parcel theta for use in iterative CINH loop below # RECALL: lifted parcel theta is CONSTANT from LPL to LCL theta_parcel = thermo.theta(pe2, tp2, 1000.) # Environmental theta and mixing ratio at LPL bltheta = thermo.theta(pres, interp.temp(pres, prof), 1000.) blmr = thermo.mixratio(pres, dwpt) # ACCUMULATED CINH IN MIXING LAYER BELOW THE LCL # This will be done in 10mb increments, and will use the virtual # temperature correction where possible pinc = -10 a = int(lower) b = int(blupper) for pp in range(a, b, int(pinc)): pp1 = pp pp2 = pp + pinc if pp2 < blupper: pp2 = blupper dz = interp.hght(pp2, prof) - interp.hght(pp1, prof) # Calculate difference between Tv_parcel and Tv_environment at top # and bottom of 10mb layers. Make use of constant lifted parcel # theta and mixing ratio from LPL to LCL tv_env_bot = thermo.virtemp(pp1, thermo.theta(pp1, interp.temp(pp1, prof), 1000.), interp.dwpt(pp1, prof)) tdef1 = (thermo.virtemp(pp1, theta_parcel, thermo.temp_at_mixrat(blmr, pp1)) - tv_env_bot) / \ (thermo.ctok(tv_env_bot)) tv_env_top = thermo.virtemp(pp2, thermo.theta(pp2, interp.temp(pp2, prof), 1000.), interp.dwpt(pp2, prof)) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pp2, theta_parcel, thermo.temp_at_mixrat(blmr, pp2)) - tv_env_top) / \ (thermo.ctok(tv_env_bot)) lyre = G * (tdef1 + tdef2) / 2. * dz if lyre < 0: totn += lyre # Move the bottom layer to the top of the boundary layer if lower > pe2: lower = pe2 pcl.blayer = lower # Calculate height of various temperature levels p0c = temp_lvl(0., prof) pm10c = temp_lvl(-10., prof) pm20c = temp_lvl(-20., prof) pm30c = temp_lvl(-30., prof) hgt0c = interp.hght(p0c, prof) hgtm10c = interp.hght(pm10c, prof) hgtm20c = interp.hght(pm20c, prof) hgtm30c = interp.hght(pm30c, prof) pcl.p0c = p0c pcl.pm10c = pm10c pcl.pm20c = pm20c pcl.pm30c = pm30c pcl.hght0c = hgt0c pcl.hghtm10c = hgtm10c pcl.hghtm20c = hgtm20c pcl.hghtm30c = hgtm30c # Find lowest observation in layer i = 0 while prof.gSndg[i][prof.pind] > lower: if i == prof.gNumLevels-1: break i += 1 while not QC(prof.gSndg[i][prof.tdind]): if i == prof.gNumLevels-1: break i += 1 lptr = i if prof.gSndg[i][prof.pind] == lower: if i != prof.gNumLevels-1: lptr += 1 # Find highest observation in layer i = prof.gNumLevels-1 while prof.gSndg[i][prof.pind] < upper: if i < lptr: break i -= 1 uptr = i if prof.gSndg[i][prof.pind] == upper: if i > lptr: uptr -= 1 # START WITH INTERPOLATED BOTTOM LAYER # Begin moist ascent from lifted parcel LCL (pe2, tp2) pe1 = lower h1 = interp.hght(pe1, prof) te1 = interp.vtmp(pe1, prof) tp1 = thermo.wetlift(pe2, tp2, pe1) lyre = 0 lyrlast = 0 for i in range(lptr, prof.gNumLevels): if not QC(prof.gSndg[i][prof.tind]): continue pe2 = prof.gSndg[i][prof.pind] h2 = prof.gSndg[i][prof.zind] te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) tp2 = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, pe2) tdef1 = (thermo.virtemp(pe1, tp1, tp1) - te1) / thermo.ctok(te1) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2) / thermo.ctok(te2) lyrlast = lyre lyre = G * (tdef1 + tdef2) / 2. * (h2 - h1) # Add layer energy to total positive if lyre > 0 if lyre > 0: totp += lyre # Add layer energy to total negative if lyre < 0, only up to EL else: if pe2 > 500.: totn += lyre # Check for Max LI mli = thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2 if mli > li_max: li_max = mli li_maxpres = pe2 # Check for Max Cap Strength mcap = te2 - mli if mcap > cap_strength: cap_strength = mcap cap_strengthpres = pe2 tote += lyre pelast = pe1 pe1 = pe2 h1 = h2 te1 = te2 tp1 = tp2 # Is this the top of the specified layer if i >= uptr and not QC(pcl.bplus): pe3 = pe1 h3 = h1 te3 = te1 tp3 = tp1 lyrf = lyre if lyrf > 0: pcl.bplus = totp - lyrf pcl.bminus = totn else: pcl.bplus = totp if pe2 > 500.: pcl.bminus = totn + lyrf else: pcl.bminus = totn pe2 = upper h2 = interp.hght(pe2, prof) te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) tp2 = thermo.wetlift(pe3, tp3, pe2) tdef3 = (thermo.virtemp(pe3, tp3, tp3) - te3) / thermo.ctok(te3) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2) / thermo.ctok(te2) lyrf = G * (tdef3 + tdef2) / 2. * (h2 - h3) if lyrf > 0: pcl.bplus += lyrf else: if pe2 > 500.: pcl.bminus += lyrf if pcl.bplus == 0: pcl.bminus = 0. # Is this the freezing level if te2 < 0. and not QC(pcl.bfzl): pe3 = pelast h3 = interp.hght(pe3, prof) te3 = interp.vtmp(pe3, prof) tp3 = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, pe3) lyrf = lyre if lyrf > 0.: pcl.bfzl = totp - lyrf else: pcl.bfzl = totp if not QC(p0c) or p0c > pe3: pcl.bfzl = 0 elif QC(pe2): te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) tp2 = thermo.wetlift(pe3, tp3, pe2) tdef3 = (thermo.virtemp(pe3, tp3, tp3) - te3) / \ thermo.ctok(te3) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2) / \ thermo.ctok(te2) lyrf = G * (tdef3 + tdef2) / 2. * (hgt0c - h3) if lyrf > 0: pcl.bfzl += lyrf # Is this the -10C level if te2 < -10. and not QC(pcl.wm10c): pe3 = pelast h3 = interp.hght(pe3, prof) te3 = interp.vtmp(pe3, prof) tp3 = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, pe3) lyrf = lyre if lyrf > 0.: pcl.wm10c = totp - lyrf else: pcl.wm10c = totp if not QC(pm10c) or pm10c > pcl.lclpres: pcl.wm10c = 0 elif QC(pe2): te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) tp2 = thermo.wetlift(pe3, tp3, pe2) tdef3 = (thermo.virtemp(pe3, tp3, tp3) - te3) / \ thermo.ctok(te3) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2) / \ thermo.ctok(te2) lyrf = G * (tdef3 + tdef2) / 2. * (hgtm10c - h3) if lyrf > 0: pcl.wm10c += lyrf # Is this the -20C level if te2 < -20. and not QC(pcl.wm20c): pe3 = pelast h3 = interp.hght(pe3, prof) te3 = interp.vtmp(pe3, prof) tp3 = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, pe3) lyrf = lyre if lyrf > 0.: pcl.wm20c = totp - lyrf else: pcl.wm20c = totp if not QC(pm20c) or pm20c > pcl.lclpres: pcl.wm20c = 0 elif QC(pe2): te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) tp2 = thermo.wetlift(pe3, tp3, pe2) tdef3 = (thermo.virtemp(pe3, tp3, tp3) - te3) / \ thermo.ctok(te3) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2) / \ thermo.ctok(te2) lyrf = G * (tdef3 + tdef2) / 2. * (hgtm20c - h3) if lyrf > 0: pcl.wm20c += lyrf # Is this the -30C level if te2 < -30. and not QC(pcl.wm30c): pe3 = pelast h3 = interp.hght(pe3, prof) te3 = interp.vtmp(pe3, prof) tp3 = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, pe3) lyrf = lyre if lyrf > 0.: pcl.wm30c = totp - lyrf else: pcl.wm30c = totp if not QC(pm30c) or pm30c > pcl.lclpres: pcl.wm30c = 0 elif QC(pe2): te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) tp2 = thermo.wetlift(pe3, tp3, pe2) tdef3 = (thermo.virtemp(pe3, tp3, tp3) - te3) / \ thermo.ctok(te3) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2) / \ thermo.ctok(te2) lyrf = G * (tdef3 + tdef2) / 2. * (hgtm30c - h3) if lyrf > 0: pcl.wm30c += lyrf # Is this the 3km level if pcl.lclhght < 3000.: h = interp.agl(interp.hght(pe2, prof), prof) if h >= 3000. and not QC(pcl.b3km): pe3 = pelast h3 = interp.hght(pe3, prof) te3 = interp.vtmp(pe3, prof) tp3 = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, pe3) lyrf = lyre if lyrf > 0: pcl.b3km = totp - lyrf else: pcl.b3km = totp h2 = interp.msl(3000., prof) pe2 = interp.pres(h2, prof) if QC(pe2): te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) tp2 = thermo.wetlift(pe3, tp3, pe2) tdef3 = (thermo.virtemp(pe3, tp3, tp3) - te3) / \ thermo.ctok(te3) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2) / \ thermo.ctok(te2) lyrf = G * (tdef3 + tdef2) / 2. * (h2 - h3) if lyrf > 0: pcl.b3km += lyrf else: pcl.b3km = 0. # Is this the 6km level if pcl.lclhght < 6000.: h = interp.agl(interp.hght(pe2, prof), prof) if h >= 6000. and not QC(pcl.b6km): pe3 = pelast h3 = interp.hght(pe3, prof) te3 = interp.vtmp(pe3, prof) tp3 = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, pe3) lyrf = lyre if lyrf > 0: pcl.b6km = totp - lyrf else: pcl.b6km = totp h2 = interp.msl(6000., prof) pe2 = interp.pres(h2, prof) if QC(pe2): te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) tp2 = thermo.wetlift(pe3, tp3, pe2) tdef3 = (thermo.virtemp(pe3, tp3, tp3) - te3) / \ thermo.ctok(te3) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2) / \ thermo.ctok(te2) lyrf = G * (tdef3 + tdef2) / 2. * (h2 - h3) if lyrf > 0: pcl.b6km += lyrf else: pcl.b6km = 0. # LFC Possibility if lyre >= 0. and lyrlast <= 0.: tp3 = tp1 te3 = te1 pe2 = pe1 pe3 = pelast while interp.vtmp(pe3, prof) > thermo.virtemp(pe3, thermo.wetlift(pe2, tp3, pe3), thermo.wetlift(pe2, tp3, pe3)): pe3 -= 5 pcl.lfcpres = pe3 pcl.lfchght = interp.agl(interp.hght(pe3, prof), prof) cinh_old = totn tote = 0. pcl.elpres = RMISSD li_max = RMISSD if cap_strength < 0.: cap_strength = 0. pcl.cap = cap_strength pcl.cappres = cap_strengthpres # Hack to force LFC to be at least at the LCL if pcl.lfcpres > pcl.lclpres: pcl.lfcpres = pcl.lclpres pcl.lfchght = pcl.lclhght # EL Possibility if lyre <= 0. and lyrlast >= 0.: tp3 = tp1 te3 = te1 pe2 = pe1 pe3 = pelast while interp.vtmp(pe3, prof) < thermo.virtemp(pe3, thermo.wetlift(pe2, tp3, pe3), thermo.wetlift(pe2, tp3, pe3)): pe3 -= 5 pcl.elpres = pe3 pcl.elhght = interp.agl(interp.hght(pe3, prof), prof) pcl.mplpres = RMISSD pcl.limax = -li_max pcl.limaxpress = li_maxpres # MPL Possibility if tote < 0. and not QC(pcl.mplpres) and QC(pcl.elpres): pe3 = pelast h3 = interp.hght(pe3, prof) te3 = interp.vtmp(pe3, prof) tp3 = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, pe3) totx = tote - lyre pe2 = pelast while totx > 0: pe2 -= 1 te2 = interp.vtmp(pe2, prof) tp2 = thermo.wetlift(pe3, tp3, pe2) h2 = interp.hght(pe2, prof) tdef3 = (thermo.virtemp(pe3, tp3, tp3) - te3) / \ thermo.ctok(te3) tdef2 = (thermo.virtemp(pe2, tp2, tp2) - te2) / \ thermo.ctok(te2) lyrf = G * (tdef3 + tdef2) / 2. * (h2 - h3) totx += lyrf tp3 = tp2 te3 = te2 pe3 = pe2 pcl.mplpres = pe2 pcl.mplhght = interp.agl(interp.hght(pe2, prof), prof) # 500 hPa Lifted Index if prof.gSndg[i][prof.pind] <= 500. and pcl.li5 == RMISSD: a = interp.vtmp(500., prof) b = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, 500.) pcl.li5 = a - thermo.virtemp(500, b, b) # 300 hPa Lifted Index if prof.gSndg[i][prof.pind] <= 300. and pcl.li3 == RMISSD: a = interp.vtmp(300., prof) b = thermo.wetlift(pe1, tp1, 300.) pcl.li3 = a - thermo.virtemp(300, b, b) # Calculate BRN if available pcl = bulk_rich(pcl, prof) pcl.bminus = cinh_old if pcl.bplus == 0: pcl.bminus = 0. return pcl
def _parse(self): """ Parse the netCDF file according to the variable naming and dimmensional conventions of the WRF-ARW. """ ## open the file and also store the lat/lon of the selected point file_data = self._downloadFile() gridx = self._file_name[1] gridy = self._file_name[2] ## calculate the nearest grid point to the map point idx = self._find_nearest_point(file_data, gridx, gridy) ## check to see if this is a 4D netCDF4 that includes all available times. ## If it does, open and compute the variables as 4D variables if len(file_data.variables["T"][:].shape) == 4: ## read in the data from the WRF file and conduct necessary processing theta = file_data.variables["T"][:, :, idx[0], idx[1]] + 300.0 qvapr = file_data.variables["QVAPOR"][:, :, idx[0], idx[1]] * 10**3 #g/kg mpres = (file_data.variables["P"][:, :, idx[0], idx[1]] + file_data.variables["PB"][:, :, idx[0], idx[1]]) * .01 mhght = file_data.variables[ "PH"][:, :, idx[0], idx[1]] + file_data.variables["PHB"][:, :, idx[0], idx[1]] / G ## unstagger the height grid mhght = (mhght[:, :-1, :, :] + mhght[:, 1:, :, :]) / 2. muwin = file_data.variables["U"][:, :, idx[0], idx[1]] mvwin = file_data.variables["V"][:, :, idx[0], idx[1]] ## convert the potential temperature to air temperature mtmpc = thermo.theta(1000.0, theta - 273.15, p2=mpres) ## convert the mixing ratio to dewpoint mdwpc = thermo.temp_at_mixrat(qvapr, mpres) ## convert the grid relative wind to earth relative U = muwin * file_data.variables['COSALPHA'][ 0, idx[0], idx[1]] - mvwin * file_data.variables['SINALPHA'][ 0, idx[0], idx[1]] V = mvwin * file_data.variables['COSALPHA'][ 0, idx[0], idx[1]] + muwin * file_data.variables['SINALPHA'][ 0, idx[0], idx[1]] ## convert from m/s to kts muwin = utils.MS2KTS(U) mvwin = utils.MS2KTS(V) ## if the data is not 4D, then it must be assumed that this is a file containing only a single time else: ## read in the data from the WRF file and conduct necessary processing theta = file_data.variables["T"][:, idx[0], idx[1]] + 300.0 qvapr = file_data.variables["QVAPOR"][:, idx[0], idx[1]] * 10**3 #g/kg mpres = (file_data.variables["P"][:, idx[0], idx[1]] + file_data.variables["PB"][:, idx[0], idx[1]]) * .01 mhght = file_data.variables["PH"][:, idx[0], idx[1]] + file_data.variables[ "PHB"][:, idx[0], idx[1]] / G ## unstagger the height grid mhght = (mhght[:-1, :, :] + mhght[1:, :, :]) / 2. muwin = file_data.variables["U"][:, idx[0], idx[1]] mvwin = file_data.variables["V"][:, idx[0], idx[1]] ## convert the potential temperature to air temperature mtmpc = thermo.theta(1000.0, theta - 273.15, p2=mpres) ## convert the mixing ratio to dewpoint mdwpc = thermo.temp_at_mixrat(qvapr, mpres) ## convert the grid relative wind to earth relative U = muwin * file_data.variables['COSALPHA'][ 0, idx[0], idx[1]] - mvwin * file_data.variables['SINALPHA'][ 0, idx[0], idx[1]] V = mvwin * file_data.variables['COSALPHA'][ 0, idx[0], idx[1]] + muwin * file_data.variables['SINALPHA'][ 0, idx[0], idx[1]] ## convert from m/s to kts muwin = utils.MS2KTS(U) mvwin = utils.MS2KTS(V) ## get the model start time of the file inittime = dattim.datetime.strptime(str(file_data.START_DATE), '%Y-%m-%d_%H:%M:%S') profiles = [] dates = [] ## loop over the available times for i in range(file_data.variables["T"][:].shape[0]): ## make sure the arrays are 1D prof_pres = mpres[i].flatten() prof_hght = mhght[i].flatten() prof_tmpc = mtmpc[i].flatten() prof_dwpc = mdwpc[i].flatten() prof_uwin = muwin[i].flatten() prof_vwin = mvwin[i].flatten() ## compute the time of the profile try: delta = dattim.timedelta( minutes=int(file_data.variables["XTIME"][i])) curtime = inittime + delta except KeyError: var = ''.join( np.asarray(file_data.variables['Times'][i], dtype=str)) curtime = dattim.datetime.strptime(var, '%Y-%m-%d_%H:%M:%S') date_obj = curtime ## construct the profile object prof = profile.create_profile(profile="raw", pres=prof_pres, hght=prof_hght, tmpc=prof_tmpc, dwpc=prof_dwpc, u=prof_uwin, v=prof_vwin, location=str(gridx) + "," + str(gridy), date=date_obj, missing=-999.0, latitude=gridy, strictQC=False) ## append the dates and profiles profiles.append(prof) dates.append(date_obj) ## create a profile collection - dictionary has no key since this ## is not an ensemble model prof_coll = prof_collection.ProfCollection({'': profiles}, dates) return prof_coll