def sort(x):
if type(x) == bool: return BoolSort()
elif type(x) == int: return IntSort()
elif type(x) == float: return RealSort()
elif hasattr(x, 'sort'):
if x.sort() == BoolSort(): return BoolSort()
if x.sort() == IntSort(): return IntSort()
if x.sort() == RealSort(): return RealSort()
else:
raise Exception('unknown sort for expression')
def set_sort(sort_dom, sort_ran):
global SORT_DOM
SORT_DOM = sort_dom
global SORT_RAN
SORT_RAN = sort_ran
global REL_SORT
REL_SORT = ArraySort(sort_dom, ArraySort(sort_ran, BoolSort()))
def declare_predicate(self, elem_predicate: Predicate):
arg_types = [
x.get_engine_obj(self._name)
for x in elem_predicate.get_arg_types()
]
arg_types += [BoolSort()]
rel = Function(elem_predicate.get_name(), *arg_types)
self._solver.register_relation(rel)
elem_predicate.add_engine_object(rel)
def snakes_find_the_head(g):
# We'll want a type that represents a cell in the grid. We use a datatype because we can make it a sum type -
# that is, its 0-arity constructors represent a closed enumeration of distinct objects.
Cell = Datatype("Cell")
for x, y in g.coords():
if g.snake(x, y) is not None:
Cell.declare("cell_{}_{}".format(x, y))
Cell = Cell.create()
# We'll have two functions that we explicitly declare. One is the short-distance "connected" relationship.
# The other is a convenience function for turning the coordinates of a cell into the datatype member that
# represents that position.
Connected = Function("Connected", Cell, Cell, BoolSort())
XYToCell = Function("XYToCell", IntSort(), IntSort(), Cell)
cell = {}
for x, y in g.coords():
if g.snake(x, y) is not None:
cell[x, y] = getattr(Cell, "cell_{}_{}".format(x, y))
g.add(XYToCell(x, y) == cell[x, y])
# Two cells are connected *if and only* if they are adjacent and both hold snakes
# We need to be really clear about the "and only if" part; a naive implementation here will let the
# solver fill in other arbitrary values for `Connected` in order to make the desired outcome true.
# We do this by ensuring there's a value declared for our Connected relationship between every pair
# of potential arguments.
for x1, y1 in g.coords():
c1 = g.snake(x1, y1)
if c1 is None:
continue
# If there's a snake here, the cell is connected to itself
g.add(Connected(cell[x1, y1], cell[x1, y1]) == c1)
for x2, y2 in g.coords():
c2 = g.snake(x2, y2)
if c2 is None or (x1, y1) == (x2, y2):
continue
if manh(x1, y1, x2, y2) == 1:
g.add(Connected(cell[x1, y1], cell[x2, y2]) == And(c1, c2))
else:
# Without this, our function declaration is only partial. The solver can fill in missing values
# in order to scupper our good intentions.
g.add(Not(Connected(cell[x1, y1], cell[x2, y2])))
# The transitive closure of Connectedness is Reaches
Reaches = TransitiveClosure(Connected)
# For every cell in the grid, if it's a snake then we can connect it to the head position
hx, hy = g.head()
for x, y in g.coords():
c = g.snake(x, y)
if c is None:
continue
g.add(Implies(c, Reaches(cell[x, y], XYToCell(hx, hy))))
def GetValFromType(typ, raw_val):
srt = GetSortFromType(typ)
if srt == IntSort():
return IntVal(raw_val)
elif srt == BoolSort():
return BoolVal(raw_val)
elif is_bv_sort(srt):
sz = srt.size()
return BitVecVal(raw_val, sz)
else:
raise SynthException('Unknown sort')
def GetStringFromType(typ):
srt = GetSortFromType(typ)
if srt == IntSort():
return 'Int'
elif srt == BoolSort():
return 'Bool'
elif is_bv_sort(srt):
sz = srt.size()
return '(BitVec ' + str(sz) + ')'
else:
raise SynthException('Unknonw sort for string conversion.')
def GetSortFromType(typ):
if typ == 'Int':
return IntSort()
elif typ == 'Bool':
return BoolSort()
elif isinstance(typ, list):
if (len(typ) != 2 or typ[0] != 'BitVec'):
raise SynthException('Unknown Type %r' % (typ))
else:
intName, size = typ[1]
return BitVecSort(size)
else:
raise SynthException('Unknown Type %r' % (typ))
## Qui a tué le chat?
from z3 import Function, EnumSort, BoolSort, ForAll, Solver, Implies, Const, Consts, Exists, Not, And, Or
# type et ses constantes
Entity, (jack, luna, curiosity) = EnumSort('Entity',
('jack', 'luna', 'curiosity'))
Animal = Function('Animal', Entity, BoolSort())
Aimer = Function('Aimer', Entity, Entity, BoolSort())
Tuer = Function('Tuer', Entity, Entity, BoolSort())
s = Solver()
x, y, z = Consts('x y z', Entity)
# Tous ceux qui aiment tous les animaux sont aimés par qqun
s.add(
ForAll(
x,
Implies(ForAll(y, Implies(Animal(y), Aimer(x, y))),
Exists(z, Aimer(z, x)))))
# Quiconque tue un animal n’est aimé par personne
s.add(
ForAll(
x,
Implies(Exists(y, And(Animal(y), Tuer(x, y))),
ForAll(z, Not(Exists(z, Aimer(z, x)))))))
# Jack aime tous les animaux
s.add(ForAll(x, Implies(Animal(x), Aimer(jack, x))))
# C’est soit Jack soit Curiosité qui a tué le chat appelé Luna
s.add(Or(Tuer(jack, luna), Tuer(curiosity, luna)))
# We need to declare the variables fist.
x = Const('x', Person) # This x defined on the domain of Person
y = Const('y', Person) # And this is y
return ForAll([x, y],Xor(x == y, R(x) != R(y))) # ForAll expression
# In addition to a function for the role of a person, we also need
# to be able to write predicates about a their statements in order
# to encode the essence of sentences such as "A lies",
# and "That (referring to the previous speaker) is not true".
#
# To do that we use a function from Person to Bool which is True if
# the claim is that the person tells the truth, and False otherwise.
# Call it S : Person -> Bool
S = Function('S', Person, BoolSort())
# Here BoolSort() just says that the return type is of type Bool.
# Now using both R and S, we can encode the general rules of the game:
# 2, That a Knight must tell the Truth.
# For a specific person, say B this would be (R(B) = Knight) ⇒ S(B), encoded
# as Implies(R(B) == Knight, S(B)), but we use the ∀x quantifier
# and write for all persons:
def knights_tell_truths():
"""
Encodes 'Knights always tell the truth'.
In other terms: for all persons, being a knight implies telling the truth.
# encoding: utf-8
from z3 import Datatype, BoolSort, IntSort, ArraySort, And, Not
from .meyer import U
from .util.z3py_set import Set
from .util.z3py_rel import Rel
from .util.z3py_util import const, consts, show_record_element
## @file program.py
# This module can be used for definition of specification/program instance
#
#
SET = ArraySort(U, BoolSort())
# OOPSet = ArraySort(IntSort(), ArraySort(U, BoolSort()))
PRE = ArraySort(U, BoolSort())
POST = ArraySort(U, ArraySort(U, BoolSort()))
PROG = Datatype('Prog')
PROG.declare('mk_prog', ('set', SET), ('pre', PRE), ('post', POST))
PROG = PROG.create()
set_ = PROG.set
pre_ = PROG.pre
post_ = PROG.post
class Program():
"""Base class for Program instance."""
# @param p A program instance created by Z3.py.
def __init__(self, p):
self.p = p
def booleanp(self, x):
return sort(x) == BoolSort()
"""
from z3 import Datatype, ArraySort, IntSort, BoolSort, Function, Const
from z3_helpers import Iff, Equals
# Node is a datatype representing a vertex or node in a Kappa graph.
Node = Datatype('Node')
Node.declare('node', ('unique_identifier', IntSort()))
Node = Node.create()
# A datatype for storing a pair of edges
Edge = Datatype('Edge')
Edge.declare('edge', ('node1', Node), ('node2', Node))
Edge = Edge.create()
Nodeset = ArraySort(Node, BoolSort())
Edgeset = ArraySort(Edge, BoolSort())
Labelset = ArraySort(IntSort(), BoolSort())
Labelmap = ArraySort(Node, Labelset)
# Graph, before a rule or action has applied. Merged Pregraph and Postgraph
# into a single datatype.
Graph = Datatype('Graph')
Graph.declare('graph', ('has', Nodeset), ('links', Edgeset),
('parents', Edgeset), ('labelmap', Labelmap))
Graph = Graph.create()
# Atomic action. An Action is comprised of a set of these.
AtomicAction = Datatype('AtomicAction')
AtomicAction.declare('id_action')
## Les dragons chinois
from z3 import Function, EnumSort, BoolSort, ForAll, Solver, Implies, Const, Consts, Exists, Not, And, Or
animal, (dragon) = EnumSort('animal', ('dragon'))
humain, (touriste) = EnumSort('humain', ('touriste'))
est_fort = Function('est_fort', animal, BoolSort())
souffler_feu = Function('souffler_feu', animal, BoolSort())
# Formaliser les phrases suivantes :
# Aucun dragon fort ne peut ne pas souffler le feu.
# Un dragon rusé a toujours des cornes.
# Aucun dragon faible n’a des cornes.
# Les touristes ne chassent que les dragons ne soufflant pas le feu.
# On veut répondre à la question suivante :
# Un dragon rusé doit-il craindre les touristes ? (autrement dit : est-il chassé ?)
"""
# Corrigé
from z3 import *
Dragon, (drago,) = EnumSort('Dragon', ('drago',))
fort = Function('fort',Dragon,BoolSort())
feu = Function('feu',Dragon,BoolSort())
ruse = Function('ruse',Dragon,BoolSort())
cornes = Function('cornes',Dragon,BoolSort())
chasse = Function('chasse',Dragon,BoolSort())
else:
GDDeg = GDDeg + 360;
if (abs(GDDeg) > 180):
if (GDDeg > 180):
GDDeg = GDDeg - 360
if (GDDeg < (-180)):
GDDeg = GDDeg + 360
## print ("GDDeg:",GDDeg)
## print ("#################################")
return [Dist, DDeg, GDDeg]
true = BoolSort().cast(True)
false = BoolSort().cast(False)
reset = Bool('reset')
BInRobot = Bool('BInRobot')
forward,spin, Su = Ints('forward spin Su')
dist = Real( 'dist')
degToBall = Real( 'degToBall')
degToGoal = Real( 'degToGoal')
# B-Threads
global TooFar, TooClose, MaxPower, MaxSpin, MaxAngToBall, MaxAngToGoal
TooFar=5
TooClose=3.7
MaxPower=100
def set_sort(sort):
global SORT
SORT = sort
global SET_SORT
SET_SORT = ArraySort(sort, BoolSort())
# encoding: utf-8
import inspect
from z3 import ArraySort, BoolSort, EnumSort, ForAll, Exists, And, Or, Not, Implies
from .z3py_util import U, const, evaluate
SORT = U
SET_SORT = ArraySort(U, BoolSort())
def set_sort(sort):
global SORT
SORT = sort
global SET_SORT
SET_SORT = ArraySort(sort, BoolSort())
def get_sort():
global SORT
sort = SORT
return sort
class Set():
"""Base class for set instance."""
# @param p A set instance created by Z3.py.
def __init__(self, s):
self.s = s
def __call__(self, x):
return self.has(x)
from z3 import Not, And, ForAll, Implies, IntSort, BoolSort, Solver, Function, Int
__counter = 100
__agents = {}
def new_noun(name):
global __counter
global __agents
if name not in __agents:
__agents[name] = __counter
__counter += 1
return Int(__agents[name])
IsKinase = Function("is_kinase", IntSort(), BoolSort())
IsActiveWhenPhosphorylated = Function("is_active_when_phosphorylated",
IntSort(), BoolSort())
Phosphorylates = Function("phosphorylates", IntSort(), IntSort(), BoolSort())
Activates = Function("activates", IntSort(), IntSort(), BoolSort())
ActivityIncreasesActivity = Function("activity_increases_activity", IntSort(),
IntSort(), BoolSort())
solver = Solver()
MEK1 = new_noun("MEK1")
ERK1 = new_noun("ERK1")
RAF = new_noun("RAF")
HRAS = new_noun("HRAS")
# encoding: utf-8
import inspect
from z3 import ArraySort, BoolSort, EnumSort, ForAll, Exists, And, Or, Not, Implies
from .z3py_set import Set
from .z3py_util import U, const, unveil, model
SORT_DOM = U
SORT_RAN = U
REL_SORT = ArraySort(U, ArraySort(U, BoolSort()))
def set_sort(sort_dom, sort_ran):
global SORT_DOM
SORT_DOM = sort_dom
global SORT_RAN
SORT_RAN = sort_ran
global REL_SORT
REL_SORT = ArraySort(sort_dom, ArraySort(sort_ran, BoolSort()))
def get_sort_dom():
global SORT_DOM
sort_dom = SORT_DOM
return sort_dom
def get_sort_ran():
global SORT_RAN
sort_ran = SORT_RAN
return sort_ran
def new_modelset(nickname='modelset'):
return Function(_collision_free_string(nickname), Model, BoolSort())
#!/usr/bin/env python
# from TU Graz presentation by Vedad Hadzic
from z3 import Solver, Int, IntSort, BoolSort, Function
from z3 import ForAll, And, Or, Not, Implies, sat as SAT
# create an integer and a function
x = Int("x")
f = Function("f", IntSort(), IntSort(), BoolSort())
solver = Solver()
solver.add(ForAll([x], Implies(And(x > 0, x < 4), f(x, x))))
solver.add(ForAll([x], Implies(Or(x <= 0, x >= 4), Not(f(x, x)))))
if solver.check() != SAT:
exit(1)
m = solver.model()
print(f'f(0,0)={m.eval(f(0,0))}')
print(f'f(1,2)={m.eval(f(1,2))}')
print(f'f(2,3)={m.eval(f(2,3))}')
print(f'f(3,3)={m.eval(f(3,3))}')
for i in range(0, 5):
# assert ∀ x in (0,4). f(x,x) = 1 # check if satisfiable
# get the solution
# print the relation table
vs = [int(bool(m.eval(f(i, j)))) for j in range(0, 5)]
def __init__(self, input_program: InputProgram, settings: SmtSettings):
self.input_program = input_program
self.settings = settings
env = SmtEnv(input_program.module, settings.forall_mode, self)
self.env = env
self.frame = env.function("Frame", RealSort())
if settings.forall_mode == ForallMode.FORALL_GLOBALS:
self.frames: List[z3.ExprRef] = []
old_command = None
j = 0
for i, subst in enumerate(env.macro_substs):
frame_i = env.function("F%s" % i, RealSort())
self.frames.append(frame_i)
subst.append((env.apply_to_state_valuation(self.frame), env.apply_to_state_valuation(frame_i)))
cur_command = self.env.subst_index_to_command[i]
if cur_command != old_command:
old_command = cur_command
j = 0
else:
j = j + 1
self.env.command_to_substs[cur_command][j].append((env.apply_to_state_valuation(self.frame), env.apply_to_state_valuation(frame_i)))
self.phi = env.function("Phi", RealSort())
self.goal_expr = input_program.goal if settings.inline_goal else env.apply_to_state_valuation(env.function("Goal", BoolSort()))
self.chosen_command = INPUTPROGRAM.INT_CTOR("ChosenCommand")
self._initial_formulae: Union[None, List[z3.ExprRef]] = None
print(problem)
# declare finite data type mansion
MansionDT = Datatype("Mansion")
MansionDT.declare("Agatha")
MansionDT.declare("Butler")
MansionDT.declare("Charles")
# create finite sort Mansion
Mansion = MansionDT.create()
# constants for ease of reference
a, b, c = Mansion.Agatha, Mansion.Butler, Mansion.Charles
# declare predicates
killed = Function("killed", Mansion, Mansion, BoolSort())
hates = Function("hates", Mansion, Mansion, BoolSort())
richer = Function("richer", Mansion, Mansion, BoolSort())
# quantified variables
x = Const("x", Mansion)
y = Const("y", Mansion)
e1 = Exists([x], killed(x, a))
e2a = ForAll([x, y], Implies(killed(x, y), hates(x, y)))
e2b = ForAll([x, y], Implies(killed(x, y), Not(richer(x, y))))
e3 = ForAll([x], Implies(hates(a, x), Not(hates(c, x))))
e4a = hates(a, a)
e4b = hates(a, c)
e5 = ForAll([x], Implies(Not(richer(x, a)), hates(b, x)))
e6 = ForAll([x], Implies(hates(a, x), hates(b, x)))