def test_copy_log():
p1 = Pen()
p1.fill_mode()
p1.move_to((0, 0))
p1.turn_to(0)
p1.line_forward(5)
p2 = p1.copy(paper=True)
p2.line_forward(5)
assert_equal(
p1.log(),
[
'fill_mode()', 'move_to((0, 0))', 'turn_to(0)', 'line_forward(5)',
]
)
assert_path_data(
p1, 0,
'M0,0 L5,0'
)
assert_equal(
p2.log(),
[
'fill_mode()', 'move_to((0, 0))', 'turn_to(0)', 'line_forward(5)',
'line_forward(5)',
]
)
assert_path_data(
p2, 0,
'M0,0 L5,0 L10,0'
)
def test_paper_merge():
# Merge two drawings together.
paper = Paper()
p = Pen()
p.fill_mode()
p.turn_to(0)
p.arc_left(180, 5)
p.paper.center_on_x(0)
paper.merge(p.paper)
p = Pen()
p.fill_mode()
p.turn_to(180)
p.arc_left(180, 5)
p.paper.center_on_x(0)
paper.merge(p.paper)
assert_path_data(
paper, 1,
[
'M-2.5,0.0 A 5.0,5.0 0 0 0 -2.5,-10.0',
'M2.5,0.0 A 5.0,5.0 0 0 0 2.5,10.0',
]
)
def test_fuse_with_joint():
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(2.0)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(180)
p.line_forward(5)
p.turn_left(90)
p.line_forward(5)
p.break_stroke()
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(0)
p.line_forward(5)
assert_path_data(
p, 0,
[
'M0,1 L0,-1 L-6,-1 L-6,5 L-4,5 L-4,1 L0,1 z',
'M0,-1 L0,1 L5,1 L5,-1 L0,-1 z',
]
)
p.paper.join_paths()
p.paper.fuse_paths()
assert_path_data(
p, 0,
'M-6,5 L-4,5 L-4,1 L5,1 L5,-1 L-6,-1 L-6,5 z'
)
def draw_character(self, mode, **kwargs):
side_ending = self.side_ending_class(
self,
self.side_flipped,
)
paper = Paper()
pen = Pen()
pen.set_mode(mode)
pen.move_to((0, TOP - mode.width / 2))
pen.turn_to(0)
pen.line_forward(2.0)
pen.last_segment().start_cap = stub_cap
side_ending.draw(pen)
paper.merge(pen.paper)
bounds = paper.bounds()
bounds.top = OVER
bounds.bottom = MIDDLE
bounds.left = 0
paper.override_bounds(bounds)
return paper
def test_translate():
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(1.0)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(0)
p.line_forward(3)
p.arc_left(90, 3)
p.turn_left(90)
p.move_forward(3)
p.fill_mode()
p.circle(0.5)
p.move_forward(3)
p.square(1)
p.paper.translate((1, 1))
assert_equal(
p.paper.svg_elements(1),
[
(
'<path d="M1.0,-1.5 L1.0,-0.5 L4.0,-0.5 A 3.5,3.5 0 0 0 '
'7.5,-4.0 L6.5,-4.0 A 2.5,2.5 0 0 1 4.0,-1.5 L1.0,-1.5 z" '
'fill="#000000" />'
),
(
'<path d="M4.5,-4.0 A 0.5,0.5 0 0 0 3.5,-4.0 '
'A 0.5,0.5 0 0 0 4.5,-4.0 z" fill="#000000" />'
),
(
'<path d="M0.5,-3.5 L1.5,-3.5 L1.5,-4.5 L0.5,-4.5 L0.5,-3.5 z" '
'fill="#000000" />'
),
]
)
def test_center_on_xy():
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(2.0)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(0)
p.line_forward(4)
p.move_to((2, 1))
p.circle(1)
p.paper.center_on_x(0)
assert_equal(p.paper.svg_elements(0), [
'<path d="M-2,-1 L-2,1 L2,1 L2,-1 L-2,-1 z" fill="#000000" />',
'<path d="M2,-1 A 2,2 0 0 0 -2,-1 A 2,2 0 0 0 2,-1 z" fill="#000000" />',
])
p.paper.center_on_y(0)
assert_equal(p.paper.svg_elements(1), [
('<path d="M-2.0,0.0 L-2.0,2.0 L2.0,2.0 L2.0,0.0 L-2.0,0.0 z" '
'fill="#000000" />'),
('<path d="M2.0,0.0 A 2.0,2.0 0 0 0 -2.0,0.0 '
'A 2.0,2.0 0 0 0 2.0,0.0 z" fill="#000000" />'),
])
def test_mirror_end_slant():
paper = Paper()
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(sqrt2)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(-45)
p.line_forward(5 * sqrt2, end_slant=45)
p.paper.mirror_x(0)
paper.merge(p.paper)
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(sqrt2)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(45)
p.line_forward(5 * sqrt2)
paper.merge(p.paper)
paper.join_paths()
paper.fuse_paths()
assert_path_data(
paper, 1,
'M-5.5,4.5 L-4.5,5.5 L5.5,-4.5 L4.5,-5.5 L-5.5,4.5 z'
)
def test_translate():
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(1.0)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(0)
p.line_forward(3)
p.arc_left(90, 3)
p.turn_left(90)
p.move_forward(3)
p.fill_mode()
p.circle(0.5)
p.move_forward(3)
p.square(1)
p.paper.translate((1, 1))
assert_equal(p.paper.svg_elements(1), [
('<path d="M1.0,-1.5 L1.0,-0.5 L4.0,-0.5 A 3.5,3.5 0 0 0 '
'7.5,-4.0 L6.5,-4.0 A 2.5,2.5 0 0 1 4.0,-1.5 L1.0,-1.5 z" '
'fill="#000000" />'),
('<path d="M4.5,-4.0 A 0.5,0.5 0 0 0 3.5,-4.0 '
'A 0.5,0.5 0 0 0 4.5,-4.0 z" fill="#000000" />'),
('<path d="M0.5,-3.5 L1.5,-3.5 L1.5,-4.5 L0.5,-4.5 L0.5,-3.5 z" '
'fill="#000000" />'),
])
def draw_character(self, mode, **kwargs):
side_ending = self.side_ending_class(
self,
self.side_flipped,
)
paper = Paper()
pen = Pen()
pen.set_mode(mode)
pen.move_to((0, TOP - mode.width / 2))
pen.turn_to(0)
pen.line_forward(2.0)
pen.last_segment().start_cap = stub_cap
side_ending.draw(pen)
paper.merge(pen.paper)
bounds = paper.bounds()
bounds.top = OVER
bounds.bottom = MIDDLE
bounds.left = 0
paper.override_bounds(bounds)
return paper
def test_fuse_with_joint():
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(2.0)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(180)
p.line_forward(5)
p.turn_left(90)
p.line_forward(5)
p.break_stroke()
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(0)
p.line_forward(5)
assert_path_data(p, 0, [
'M0,1 L0,-1 L-6,-1 L-6,5 L-4,5 L-4,1 L0,1 z',
'M0,-1 L0,1 L5,1 L5,-1 L0,-1 z',
])
p.paper.join_paths()
p.paper.fuse_paths()
assert_path_data(p, 0, 'M-6,5 L-4,5 L-4,1 L5,1 L5,-1 L-6,-1 L-6,5 z')
def test_center_on_xy():
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(2.0)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(0)
p.line_forward(4)
p.move_to((2, 1))
p.circle(1)
p.paper.center_on_x(0)
assert_equal(
p.paper.svg_elements(0),
[
'<path d="M-2,-1 L-2,1 L2,1 L2,-1 L-2,-1 z" fill="#000000" />',
'<path d="M2,-1 A 2,2 0 0 0 -2,-1 A 2,2 0 0 0 2,-1 z" fill="#000000" />',
]
)
p.paper.center_on_y(0)
assert_equal(
p.paper.svg_elements(1),
[
(
'<path d="M-2.0,0.0 L-2.0,2.0 L2.0,2.0 L2.0,0.0 L-2.0,0.0 z" '
'fill="#000000" />'
),
(
'<path d="M2.0,0.0 A 2.0,2.0 0 0 0 -2.0,0.0 '
'A 2.0,2.0 0 0 0 2.0,0.0 z" fill="#000000" />'
),
]
)
def test_copy_arc_to():
p = Pen()
p.fill_mode()
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(0)
p.arc_to((5, 5))
p = p.copy(paper=True)
assert_path_data(p, 0, 'M0,0 A 5,5 0 0 0 5,-5')
def test_copy_no_paper():
p1 = Pen()
p1.fill_mode()
p1.move_to((0, 0))
p1.turn_to(0)
p1.line_forward(5)
p2 = p1.copy()
p2.line_forward(5)
assert_path_data(p1, 0, 'M0,0 L5,0')
assert_path_data(p2, 0, 'M5,0 L10,0')
def draw_template_path():
pen = Pen()
pen.stroke_mode(0.05, '#466184')
pen.turn_to(0)
pen.move_to((0, BOTTOM))
pen.line_forward(10)
pen.move_to((0, MIDDLE))
pen.line_forward(10)
pen.move_to((0, TOP))
pen.line_forward(10)
pen.paper.center_on_x(0)
return pen.paper
def test_join_paths_thick():
# Segments join together if possible when join_paths is called.
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(2.0)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(0)
p.line_forward(5)
p.break_stroke()
p.turn_left(90)
p.line_forward(5)
p.paper.join_paths()
assert_path_data(p, 0, 'M0,-1 L0,1 L6,1 L6,-5 L4,-5 L4,-1 L0,-1 z')
def test_copy_arc_to():
p = Pen()
p.fill_mode()
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(0)
p.arc_to((5, 5))
p = p.copy(paper=True)
assert_path_data(
p, 0,
'M0,0 A 5,5 0 0 0 5,-5'
)
def test_copy_arc():
p1 = Pen()
p1.fill_mode()
p1.move_to((0, 0))
p1.turn_to(0)
p1.arc_left(90, radius=5)
p2 = p1.copy(paper=True)
p2.arc_left(90, radius=5)
assert_path_data(p1, 0, 'M0,0 A 5,5 0 0 0 5,-5')
assert_path_data(p2, 0, 'M0,0 A 5,5 0 0 0 5,-5 A 5,5 0 0 0 0,-10')
def test_fuse_paths():
# Create two halves of a stroke in the same direction.
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(sqrt2)
p.move_to((-3, 3))
p.turn_to(-45)
p.line_forward(3 * sqrt2, start_slant=0)
p.line_forward(3 * sqrt2, end_slant=0)
p.paper.fuse_paths()
assert_path_data(p, 1,
['M-2.0,-3.0 L-4.0,-3.0 L2.0,3.0 L4.0,3.0 L-2.0,-3.0 z'])
def test_join_paths_thick():
# Segments join together if possible when join_paths is called.
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(2.0)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(0)
p.line_forward(5)
p.break_stroke()
p.turn_left(90)
p.line_forward(5)
p.paper.join_paths()
assert_path_data(
p, 0,
'M0,-1 L0,1 L6,1 L6,-5 L4,-5 L4,-1 L0,-1 z'
)
def test_fuse_paths():
# Create two halves of a stroke in the same direction.
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(sqrt2)
p.move_to((-3, 3))
p.turn_to(-45)
p.line_forward(3 * sqrt2, start_slant=0)
p.line_forward(3 * sqrt2, end_slant=0)
p.paper.fuse_paths()
assert_path_data(
p, 1,
['M-2.0,-3.0 L-4.0,-3.0 L2.0,3.0 L4.0,3.0 L-2.0,-3.0 z']
)
def test_copy_no_paper():
p1 = Pen()
p1.fill_mode()
p1.move_to((0, 0))
p1.turn_to(0)
p1.line_forward(5)
p2 = p1.copy()
p2.line_forward(5)
assert_path_data(
p1, 0,
'M0,0 L5,0'
)
assert_path_data(
p2, 0,
'M5,0 L10,0'
)
def draw_character(self, mode, fuse=True):
bottom_ending = bottom_ending_class(
self,
self.bottom_straight,
self.bottom_flipped,
)
pen = Pen()
pen.set_mode(mode)
pen.move_to((0, TOP))
pen.turn_to(-90)
pen.line_to_y(MIDDLE, start_slant=45)
bottom_ending.draw(pen)
if fuse:
pen.paper.fuse_paths()
pen.paper.center_on_x(0)
return pen.paper
def draw_character(self, mode, fuse=True):
bottom_ending = bottom_ending_class(
self,
self.bottom_straight,
self.bottom_flipped,
)
pen = Pen()
pen.set_mode(mode)
pen.move_to((0, TOP))
pen.turn_to(-90)
pen.line_to_y(MIDDLE, start_slant=45)
bottom_ending.draw(pen)
if fuse:
pen.paper.fuse_paths()
pen.paper.center_on_x(0)
return pen.paper
def test_join_paths_turn_back_no_joint():
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(1.0)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(0)
p.line_forward(10)
p.turn_right(180)
p.break_stroke()
p.line_forward(5)
p.paper.join_paths()
line1, line2 = p.last_path().segments
assert line1.end_joint_illegal
assert line2.start_joint_illegal
assert_path_data(p, 1,
('M0.0,-0.5 L0.0,0.5 L10.0,0.5 L10.0,-0.5 '
'L5.0,-0.5 L5.0,0.5 L10.0,0.5 L10.0,-0.5 L0.0,-0.5 z'))
def test_copy_arc():
p1 = Pen()
p1.fill_mode()
p1.move_to((0, 0))
p1.turn_to(0)
p1.arc_left(90, radius=5)
p2 = p1.copy(paper=True)
p2.arc_left(90, radius=5)
assert_path_data(
p1, 0,
'M0,0 A 5,5 0 0 0 5,-5'
)
assert_path_data(
p2, 0,
'M0,0 A 5,5 0 0 0 5,-5 A 5,5 0 0 0 0,-10'
)
def test_copy_custom_cap():
# Regression test for a bug where doing pen.copy() in a cap function would
# break outline drawing.
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(2.0)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(0)
p.line_forward(5)
p.turn_left(90)
p.line_forward(5)
def copy_cap(pen, end):
pen.copy()
pen.line_to(end)
p.last_segment().end_cap = copy_cap
assert_path_data(p, 0, 'M0,-1 L0,1 L6,1 L6,-5 L4,-5 L4,-1 L0,-1 z')
def test_join_and_fuse_simple():
# Create two halves of a stroke in separate directions.
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(sqrt2)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(-45)
p.line_forward(3 * sqrt2, end_slant=0)
p.break_stroke()
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(-45 + 180)
p.line_forward(3 * sqrt2, end_slant=0)
p.paper.join_paths()
p.paper.fuse_paths()
assert_path_data(p, 1,
'M2.0,3.0 L4.0,3.0 L-2.0,-3.0 L-4.0,-3.0 L2.0,3.0 z')
def test_join_paths_turn_back_no_joint():
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(1.0)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(0)
p.line_forward(10)
p.turn_right(180)
p.break_stroke()
p.line_forward(5)
p.paper.join_paths()
line1, line2 = p.last_path().segments
assert line1.end_joint_illegal
assert line2.start_joint_illegal
assert_path_data(
p, 1,
(
'M0.0,-0.5 L0.0,0.5 L10.0,0.5 L10.0,-0.5 '
'L5.0,-0.5 L5.0,0.5 L10.0,0.5 L10.0,-0.5 L0.0,-0.5 z'
)
)
def test_copy_custom_cap():
# Regression test for a bug where doing pen.copy() in a cap function would
# break outline drawing.
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(2.0)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(0)
p.line_forward(5)
p.turn_left(90)
p.line_forward(5)
def copy_cap(pen, end):
pen.copy()
pen.line_to(end)
p.last_segment().end_cap = copy_cap
assert_path_data(
p, 0,
'M0,-1 L0,1 L6,1 L6,-5 L4,-5 L4,-1 L0,-1 z'
)
def test_paper_merge():
# Merge two drawings together.
paper = Paper()
p = Pen()
p.fill_mode()
p.turn_to(0)
p.arc_left(180, 5)
p.paper.center_on_x(0)
paper.merge(p.paper)
p = Pen()
p.fill_mode()
p.turn_to(180)
p.arc_left(180, 5)
p.paper.center_on_x(0)
paper.merge(p.paper)
assert_path_data(paper, 1, [
'M-2.5,0.0 A 5.0,5.0 0 0 0 -2.5,-10.0',
'M2.5,0.0 A 5.0,5.0 0 0 0 2.5,10.0',
])
def test_join_and_fuse_simple():
# Create two halves of a stroke in separate directions.
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(sqrt2)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(-45)
p.line_forward(3 * sqrt2, end_slant=0)
p.break_stroke()
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(-45 + 180)
p.line_forward(3 * sqrt2, end_slant=0)
p.paper.join_paths()
p.paper.fuse_paths()
assert_path_data(
p, 1,
'M2.0,3.0 L4.0,3.0 L-2.0,-3.0 L-4.0,-3.0 L2.0,3.0 z'
)
def test_mirror_end_slant():
paper = Paper()
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(sqrt2)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(-45)
p.line_forward(5 * sqrt2, end_slant=45)
p.paper.mirror_x(0)
paper.merge(p.paper)
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(sqrt2)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(45)
p.line_forward(5 * sqrt2)
paper.merge(p.paper)
paper.join_paths()
paper.fuse_paths()
assert_path_data(paper, 1,
'M-5.5,4.5 L-4.5,5.5 L5.5,-4.5 L4.5,-5.5 L-5.5,4.5 z')
def test_copy_log():
p1 = Pen()
p1.fill_mode()
p1.move_to((0, 0))
p1.turn_to(0)
p1.line_forward(5)
p2 = p1.copy(paper=True)
p2.line_forward(5)
assert_equal(p1.log(), [
'fill_mode()',
'move_to((0, 0))',
'turn_to(0)',
'line_forward(5)',
])
assert_path_data(p1, 0, 'M0,0 L5,0')
assert_equal(p2.log(), [
'fill_mode()',
'move_to((0, 0))',
'turn_to(0)',
'line_forward(5)',
'line_forward(5)',
])
assert_path_data(p2, 0, 'M0,0 L5,0 L10,0')
def draw():
p = Pen()
# Draw sine waves in various widths.
for width in [0.01, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.8, 1.0]:
p.stroke_mode(width)
func = sine_func_factory(
amplitude=1.0,
frequency=4 / math.pi,
phase=0,
)
p.parametric(
func,
start=0,
end=10,
step=0.1,
)
# Next line.
p.turn_to(-90)
p.move_forward(1.0 + 2 * width)
return p.paper
def draw():
p = Pen()
# Draw sine waves in various widths.
for width in [0.01, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.8, 1.0]:
p.stroke_mode(width)
func = sine_func_factory(
amplitude=1.0,
frequency=4 / math.pi,
phase=0,
)
p.parametric(
func,
start=0,
end=10,
step=0.1,
)
# Next line.
p.turn_to(-90)
p.move_forward(1.0 + 2 * width)
return p.paper
from canoepaddle import Pen
p = Pen()
p.fill_mode('green')
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(0)
radius = 0.01
for _ in range(200):
p.circle(radius)
p.turn_left(20)
new_radius = radius * 1.05
p.move_forward(radius + new_radius)
radius = new_radius
print(p.paper.format_svg())
def get_pen():
p = Pen()
p.outline_mode(2.0, 0.2, 'black')
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(0)
return p
from canoepaddle import Pen
p = Pen()
def arm(inner=1.5, outer=3):
p.stroke_mode(1.0)
p.move_forward(inner)
p.turn_right(90)
p.arc_right(200, radius=outer)
p.fill_mode()
p.circle(0.5) # Makeshift round endcaps.
orientation = 70
p.stroke_mode(1.0)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.circle(1.5)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(orientation)
arm()
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(180 + orientation)
arm()
print(p.paper.format_svg())
from canoepaddle import Pen
p = Pen()
def arm(inner=1.5, outer=3):
p.stroke_mode(1.0)
p.move_forward(inner)
p.turn_right(90)
p.arc_right(200, radius=outer)
p.fill_mode()
p.circle(0.5) # Makeshift round endcaps.
orientation = 70
p.stroke_mode(1.0)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.circle(1.5)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(orientation)
arm()
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(180 + orientation)
arm()
print(p.paper.format_svg())
def draw_character(self, mode, fuse=True):
side_ending = self.side_ending_class(self, self.side_flipped)
bottom_ending = self.bottom_ending_class(
self,
self.bottom_straight,
self.bottom_flipped,
)
paper = Paper()
# When drawing the body of the consonant, subclasses will start
# where the side ending is, and end where the bottom ending is.
pen = Pen()
pen.set_mode(mode)
pen.move_to((0, TOP - pen.mode.width / 2))
side_ending_position = pen.position
self.draw(pen)
bottom_ending_position = pen.position
bottom_ending_heading = pen.heading
paper.merge(pen.paper)
# Draw the side ending.
pen = Pen()
pen.set_mode(mode)
pen.move_to(side_ending_position)
pen.turn_to(0)
side_ending.draw(pen)
paper.merge(pen.paper)
# Draw the bottom ending.
pen = Pen()
pen.set_mode(mode)
pen.move_to(bottom_ending_position)
# If the bottom orientation is slanted left, then we have to
# start the bottom ending from a flipped heading so when it flips
# again later it will be correct.
if not self.bottom_straight and self.bottom_flipped:
bottom_ending_heading = bottom_ending_heading.flipped_x()
pen.turn_to(bottom_ending_heading)
# Draw the ending, and maybe flip it horizontally.
bottom_ending.draw(pen)
if not self.bottom_straight and self.bottom_flipped:
pen.paper.mirror_x(bottom_ending_position.x)
paper.merge(pen.paper)
if fuse:
paper.join_paths()
paper.fuse_paths()
# Override the bounds so that the letter reaches the full line height.
bounds = paper.bounds()
bounds.bottom = UNDER
bounds.top = OVER
paper.override_bounds(bounds)
# We need to center on x=0 here because otherwise flipped
# consonants wouldn't flip at the right x value.
paper.center_on_x(0)
return paper
def f(n):
a = 12
b = 0.03
c = 0.2
d = 1.5
e = 0.5
wobble = a * math.exp(-b * n) * math.sin(c * n + d * n**e)
return (
Angle(-24 + wobble),
Angle(24 + wobble),
)
center_heading = Heading(90)
center = p.position
p.turn_to(center_heading)
num_layers = 26
for layer in range(num_layers):
lo, hi = f(layer)
lo = center_heading + lo
hi = center_heading + hi
p.arc_right((p.heading - lo) + 90, center=center)
p.arc_left(180, 1)
p.arc_left((hi - p.heading) + 90, center=center)
if layer < (num_layers - 1):
p.arc_right(180, 1)
print(p.paper.format_svg(resolution=720 / p.paper.bounds().width))
def get_pen():
p = Pen()
p.outline_mode(2.0, 0.2, 'black')
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(0)
return p
a = 12
b = 0.03
c = 0.2
d = 1.5
e = 0.5
wobble = a * math.exp(-b * n) * math.sin(c * n + d * n**e)
return (
Angle(-24 + wobble),
Angle(24 + wobble),
)
center_heading = Heading(90)
center = p.position
p.turn_to(center_heading)
num_layers = 26
for layer in range(num_layers):
lo, hi = f(layer)
lo = center_heading + lo
hi = center_heading + hi
p.arc_right((p.heading - lo) + 90, center=center)
p.arc_left(180, 1)
p.arc_left((hi - p.heading) + 90, center=center)
if layer < (num_layers - 1):
p.arc_right(180, 1)
print(p.paper.format_svg(resolution=720 / p.paper.bounds().width))
def test_arc_segment_bounds():
# Arc which occupies its entire circle.
p = Pen()
p.fill_mode()
p.move_to((1, 0))
p.turn_to(90)
p.arc_left(359, 1)
arc = p.last_segment()
assert_equal(
arc.bounds(),
Bounds(-1, -1, 1, 1)
)
# Arc which pushes the boundary only with the endpoints.
p = Pen()
p.fill_mode()
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(30)
p.move_forward(1)
p.turn_left(90)
p.arc_left(30, center=(0, 0))
arc = p.last_segment()
assert_equal(
arc.bounds(),
Bounds(0.5, 0.5, sqrt3 / 2, sqrt3 / 2)
)
# Arc which pushes the boundary with the middle in one spot.
p = Pen()
p.fill_mode()
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(-45)
p.move_forward(1)
p.turn_left(90)
p.arc_left(90, center=(0, 0))
arc = p.last_segment()
assert_equal(
arc.bounds(),
Bounds(sqrt2 / 2, -sqrt2 / 2, 1, sqrt2 / 2)
)
# Arc which goes right.
p = Pen()
p.fill_mode()
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(45)
p.arc_right(90, 3)
arc = p.last_segment()
assert_equal(
arc.bounds(),
Bounds(0, 0, 3 * sqrt2, 3 - 1.5 * sqrt2)
)
# Arc which pushes the boundary with the middle in two spots.
p = Pen()
p.fill_mode()
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(-45)
p.move_forward(1)
p.turn_left(90)
p.arc_left(180, center=(0, 0))
arc = p.last_segment()
assert_equal(
arc.bounds(),
Bounds(-sqrt2 / 2, -sqrt2 / 2, 1, 1)
)
# Half circle, right side
p = Pen()
p.fill_mode()
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(0)
p.arc_right(180, 5)
arc = p.last_segment()
assert_equal(
arc.bounds(),
Bounds(0, -10, 5, 0)
)
# Thick circle,
p = Pen()
p.stroke_mode(1.0)
p.move_to((0, 0))
p.turn_to(0)
p.move_forward(5)
p.turn_left(90)
p.arc_left(180, 5, start_slant=45)
arc = p.last_segment()
assert_equal(
arc.bounds(),
Bounds(-5.5, -0.5314980314970469, 5.5, 5.5)
)
def draw_character(self, mode, fuse=True):
side_ending = self.side_ending_class(self, self.side_flipped)
bottom_ending = self.bottom_ending_class(
self,
self.bottom_straight,
self.bottom_flipped,
)
paper = Paper()
# When drawing the body of the consonant, subclasses will start
# where the side ending is, and end where the bottom ending is.
pen = Pen()
pen.set_mode(mode)
pen.move_to((0, TOP - pen.mode.width / 2))
side_ending_position = pen.position
self.draw(pen)
bottom_ending_position = pen.position
bottom_ending_heading = pen.heading
paper.merge(pen.paper)
# Draw the side ending.
pen = Pen()
pen.set_mode(mode)
pen.move_to(side_ending_position)
pen.turn_to(0)
side_ending.draw(pen)
paper.merge(pen.paper)
# Draw the bottom ending.
pen = Pen()
pen.set_mode(mode)
pen.move_to(bottom_ending_position)
# If the bottom orientation is slanted left, then we have to
# start the bottom ending from a flipped heading so when it flips
# again later it will be correct.
if not self.bottom_straight and self.bottom_flipped:
bottom_ending_heading = bottom_ending_heading.flipped_x()
pen.turn_to(bottom_ending_heading)
# Draw the ending, and maybe flip it horizontally.
bottom_ending.draw(pen)
if not self.bottom_straight and self.bottom_flipped:
pen.paper.mirror_x(bottom_ending_position.x)
paper.merge(pen.paper)
if fuse:
paper.join_paths()
paper.fuse_paths()
# Override the bounds so that the letter reaches the full line height.
bounds = paper.bounds()
bounds.bottom = UNDER
bounds.top = OVER
paper.override_bounds(bounds)
# We need to center on x=0 here because otherwise flipped
# consonants wouldn't flip at the right x value.
paper.center_on_x(0)
return paper
